Electromagnetic phenomena associated with dust particle dynamics in a simulated Martian atmosphere: an experimental study
Résumé
Electromagnetic phenomena associated with dust particle collisions contribute to the local electrostatic processes within Martian dust storms, impacting surface interactions and posing potential risks to spacecraft and instruments. This study investigates the generation and characteristics of electromagnetic discharges under controlled laboratory conditions designed to approximate key aspects of the Martian atmosphere. Experiments were conducted in a vacuum chamber, replicating Martian atmospheric conditions with CO2 at low pressure. A 3D-printed dust chamber was used to create dust vortices with several materials including sand particles, and Martian regolith analogs of varying particle sizes. Electromagnetic signals generated during dust collisions were measured using the Dust Complex module developed for the ExoMars-2022 landing mission. Results of the laboratory experiments demonstrate distinct discharge characteristics across different materials, influenced by particle size, composition, and morphology. Signals exhibited variations in amplitude, frequency, and waveform, reflecting the complex interactions between dust particles in a CO2 environment under low-pressure conditions. Comparative analysis with prior studies under earth conditions highlights the role of the Martian atmosphere in enhancing charge transfer processes. These findings provide new insights into the electrostatic environment of Martian dust storms and contribute to understanding electromagnetic interference risks for future exploration missions.