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                <title xml:lang="en">Grammaticalization VS Diachronic Construction Grammar: A study of evidentiality in Tibetan and English</title>
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              <p>This talk compares grammaticalization theory with Diachronic Construction Grammar (DCxG) to assess which framework better explains the development of evidential markers. While grammaticalization has long been central to diachronic linguistics (Heine et al. 1991: 9; Hopper &amp; Traugott 2003: 19), it has recently been challenged by alternative approaches such as DCxG (Noël 2007; Traugott &amp; Trousdale 2013; Gildea &amp; Barðdal 2022). Tibetan, which has been little investigated from a grammaticalization perspective, provides a valuable test case. Diachronic evidence on Tibetan evidentials confirms the main tendencies identified in grammaticalization studies, underscoring the robustness of this framework (Mélac &amp; Bialek 2024). Tibetan inflections and clitics, such as -song and -ze, have developed from lexical verbs through processes of extension, desemanticization, decategorialization, and erosion (as described in Heine 2003).English, often described as lacking grammatical evidentials (Aikhenvald 2004), offers another testing ground for crosslinguistic grammaticalization patterns. I argue that evidential markers such as must, look like, and I guess display clear signs of grammaticalization (Mélac 2022). While DCxG provides useful descriptive tools for analyzing some evidential forms, it cannot replace grammaticalization theory. The former framework tends to blur the boundary between grammar and lexicon, yet their differences are not inconsequential. Only certain domains—such as evidentiality—are grammaticalized in the world’s languages, while others, like food or anatomy, are not, as shown by the Tibetan and English data. Moreover, DCxG typically underestimates the unidirectionality of grammaticalization, as evidenced even by English evidentials, in contrast to the multidirectional changes typical of other processes.Overall, Tibetan and English data suggest that DCxG is valuable for micro-level analyses of individual forms, but grammaticalization as an analytical framework remains better suited to explaining large-scale semantic domains and cross-linguistic patterns.Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2004. Evidentiality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Gildea, Spike and Jóhanna Barðdal. 2022. From grammaticalization to Diachronic Construction Grammar: A natural evolution of the paradigm. Studies in Language. 47 (4): 743–788.Heine, Bernd. 2003. Grammaticalization. In The Handbook of Historical Linguistics (eds B.D. Joseph and R.D. Janda). Heine, Bernd, Ulrike Claudi &amp; Friederike Hünnemeyer. 1991. Grammaticalization: A conceptual framework. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Hopper, Paul J. &amp; Elizabeth C. Traugott. 2003. Grammaticalization (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Mélac Eric. 2022. The grammaticalization of evidentiality in English. English Language and Linguistics. 26(2): 331–359. Mélac, Eric &amp; Joanna Bialek. 2024. Evidentiality as a grammaticalization passenger: An investigation of evidential developments in Tibetic languages and beyond. Studies in Language 48(3): 638–681.Noël, Dirk. 2007. Diachronic construction grammar and grammaticalization theory. Functions of language 14(2): 177–202.Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Graeme Trousdale. 2013. Constructionalization and Constructional Change. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</p>
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