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              <p>The purpose of this article is to examine two cases of co-creation and placemaking in France and in Sweden, with each representing a unique transformative urban context. We analyse the implementation and impact of cross-disciplinary and co-creation methods used in each case. The aim is to evaluate their contributions, challenges, and potential for citizens, stakeholders, and municipalities. We use creative and participatory methods and a qualitative approach, including interviews and archive material such as films, news articles and websites. Participatory design and co-creation literature serves as guides for analysing the participatory methods in the processes. The results shows that cocreation is used for several purposes, firstly, with the aim of pacification, inclusion, and social mediation. Secondly, it is an alternative way to engage participation and address socio-spatial complexity. Ultimately, successful cocreation allows the involvement of diverse actors, although this happens in different ways and engagement can struggle to gain momentum.</p>
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