Translators of Dutch Books in Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Century Japan
Résumé
In the early 1770s, no Japanese scholar or interpreter was able to read Dutch without assistance, despite daily contact with Dutch merchants in Nagasaki. Within three decades, however, the situation changed dramatically: by 1811, professional translators were working in a newly established office under the Bakufu. This article examines the emergence of translators as a professional group between 1770 and 1810, focusing on their geographic location, social status, relationship with political power, and the transformations in their role over time. This development is also situated within the Bakufu’s growing interest in Western knowledge, shaped by the tense geopolitical context of the late eighteenth century.
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