Article Dans Une Revue Science Advances Année : 2025

Submarine ash megabed fed by far-traveled, shoreline-crossing pyroclastic currents from a large explosive volcanic eruption

Abigail Metcalfe
Tim Druitt
Katharina Pank
Steffen Kutterolf
Jonas Preine
Karim Kelfoun
Christian Hübscher
Paraskevi Nomikou
Thomas Ronge
Shun Chiyonobu
  • Fonction : Auteur
Olga Koukousioura
Adam Woodhouse
Sarah Beethe
Michael Manga
Iona Mcintosh
Masako Tominaga
Hehe Chen
Acacia Clark
Susan Debari
Ralf Gertisser
Raymond Johnston
Ally Peccia
Yuzuru Yamamoto
Tatiana Fernandez Perez
  • Fonction : Auteur
Christopher Jones
Kumar Batuk Joshi
Günther Kletetschka
Molly Mccanta
Antony Morris
Paraskevi Polymenakou
Xiaohui Li
Hao-Yang Lee
Dimitrios Papanikolaou

Résumé

Large explosive volcanic eruptions from island volcanoes deliver vast quantities of ash to the marine environment. While many of the transport pathways are understood, those from shoreline-crossing or submarine pyroclastic currents, and their transformation into water-supported gravity flows, remain poorly constrained. We report the discovery by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) deep drilling of a 200-meter-thick ash megabed buried in rift basins of the South Aegean Volcanic Arc. The >73–cubic kilometer ash deposit originates from the Kos Plateau Tuff caldera-forming eruption, which occurred 161 thousand years ago, >120 kilometers to the east. The ash forms a chemically uniform, graded megabed lacking bioturbation, interpreted as having been emplaced by a stream of eruption-fed turbidity currents. Bioclastic debris within the ash provides evidence of widespread destruction of marine ecosystems. Large volcanic eruptions can remodel the seafloor landscape, deposit thick ash turbidites, and destroy marine biota on island arc–wide scales in short-lived, catastrophic events.

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hal-05242451 , version 1 (05-09-2025)

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Abigail Metcalfe, Tim Druitt, Katharina Pank, Steffen Kutterolf, Jonas Preine, et al.. Submarine ash megabed fed by far-traveled, shoreline-crossing pyroclastic currents from a large explosive volcanic eruption. Science Advances , 2025, 11 (33), pp.9642. ⟨10.1126/sciadv.ads9642⟩. ⟨hal-05242451⟩
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