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              <p>&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enterococcus faecalis is a human commensal micro-organism member of the lactic acid bacteria group. This bacterium can be use as a starter in dairy industry and some strains are considered as probiotics. However, E. faecalis is also an indicator of faecal contamination and is sometimes associated with nosocomial infections. This makes E. faecalis a very "ambiguitous" micro-organism. Thus it appears important to understand why this "safe" bacterium can become a pathogen. In this study, we have identified a new transcriptional regulator of E. faecalis, named Ers. This protein shares strong homologies with polypeptides of the Crp/Fnr family such as PrfA (the major regulator of virulence of Listeria monocytogenes), Srv (the "PrfA-like" of Streptococcus pyogenes) and RcfB (a regulator involved in the acid stress response of Lactococcus lactis) with 50%, 69% and 66% identity respectively. In order to identify genes potentially regulated by Ers, quantitative real-time PCR was carried out. Genes tested were selected on the bases of homologies with locus regulated by PrfA or Srv and with genes known to be implicated in stress response and potential of virulence in E. faecalis. Our results reveal that two genes are positively regulated by Ers: ers itself and the locus ef0082. Interestingly, we find in the promoter region of these two genes one sequence similar to the "RcfB-box" of L. lactis, which is also closed to the "PrfA-box". Phenotypical analysis of the ers mutant reveals that Ers is important for pathogenicity and the oxidative stress response of E. faecalis, but contrarily to RcfB, does not seem to be implicated in the acid stress response. However, the ef0082 mutant is not affected in its survival within macrophages. Then, the phenotype observed in the ers mutant cannot be due to the deregulation of ef0082. Based on sequence homologies, Ef0082 could be an efflux pump involved in the quinolone resistance. In conclusion, the Ers protein has been characterized as a new transcriptional regulator important for pathogenicity and the oxidative stress response of E. faecalis and the identification of the corresponding regulon was initiated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</p>
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