Metabolic profile of biodiverse diets in a healthy European cohort
2 Imperial College London
3 Faculty of Bioscience Engineering [Ghent]
4 CIRC - Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer
5 EREN [CRESS - U1153 / UMR_A 1125] - Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team | Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle
6 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]
7 ICO - Catalan Institute of Oncology = Instituto Catalán de Oncología = Institut Català d'Oncologia
8 IDIBELL - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge = Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute
9 Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research
10 Danish Cancer Society = Kræftens Bekæmpelse
11 DCI - Danish Cancer Institute
12 IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori [Milano]
13 ibs.GRANADA Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria [Granada, Spain]
14 CESP - Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations
15 CIBERESP - Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública = Consortium for Biomedical Research of Epidemiology and Public Health
16 Granada.ibs - Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica
17 DIfE - German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke
18 IdiSNA - Navarra Institute for Health Research / Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra
19 University of Eastern Piedmont
20 UNINA - University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
21 CEPON - Cancer Research Center | Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas [Santa Catarina]
22 UMCU - University Medical Center [Utrecht]
23 DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg]
24 UiT - The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway]
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1563516
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7238-1469
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1365972
- IdHAL : justineberlivet
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5834-7088
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1284322
- IdHAL : bsrour
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1277-3380
- IdRef : 249985292
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1136541
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8322-8857
- IdRef : 11033082X
- Fonction : Auteur
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1392709
- IdHAL : pauline-frenoy
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7435-5125
- Fonction : co dernier-auteur
- PersonId : 183648
- IdHAL : melanie-deschasaux
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3359-420X
- IdRef : 236007823
Résumé
There is increasing evidence that diets characterized by food biodiversity could contribute to health outcomes. Greater dietary species diversity has been linked to reduced gastrointestinal cancer risk and all-cause mortality. However, mechanistic pathways supporting the association between food biodiversity and health are just beginning to be explored. Aim To characterize the metabolic profile associated with food biodiversity of diets in a pan-European population. Methods Dietary species richness (DSR), or the absolute number of unique species in an individual's diet, was calculated for 7,983 cancer-free control participants within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort study. Usual dietary intakes in the preceding year were assessed at recruitment with country-specific dietary questionnaires. Metabolomic profiles from blood which included 128 circulating endogenous metabolites,32 polyphenol compounds, and 39 fatty acid isomers were used as biomarkers of potential mechanisms underlying nutrition and health associations. Lasso regression identified key metabolites in discovery and replication sets, and multivariable stepwise linear regression were used to quantify associations between DSR and metabolomic profiles. Results A total of 52 metabolites were selected using Lasso regression in the replication set, of which 70% were statistically significant in stepwise linear regression. Higher DSR was associated with lower levels of 4 amino acids (e.g., tyrosine, -0.0231, 95% CI: -0.0362, -0.0100, p = 0.0009) and 2 acylcarnitines (e.g., C14:2, -0.0834, 95% CI: -0.1084, -0.0583, p < 0.0001). Conversely, higher levels were observed for 7 amino acids (e.g., tryptophan, -0.0954, 95% CI: -0.1049, -0.0860, p < 0.0001) and 9 polyphenols (e.g., epicatechin, p = 0.0017). Conclusion In this European middle-aged adult population, the circulating metabolic profiles of biodiverse diets are consistent with the metabolome linked with health-promoting diets, indicating metabolite groups that provide metabolic homeostasis, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-obesogenic properties. These findings support the health benefits of consuming more diverse dietary species and may partially explain the inverse associations found in relation with mortality or gastrointestinal cancer.