Article Dans Une Revue International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review Année : 2025

Biochemical Potentials of Ethanol Leaf Extract of C. aconitifolius in Phenylhydrazine Induced Anemia in Rats

Résumé

Aim: Anemia is a common health challenge caused by a decrease in hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and red blood cells. Some medicinal plants have antianaemic properties and can be used as a remedy to treat anemia. This study investigates the anti-anemic properties of ethanol extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (EECA) leaves in phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats. Methods: Acute toxicity (LD50) was done using Lorke’s method. Twenty-five (25) male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats each and used for the antianemic studies. Group A, B, and C served as the normal control, anemic untreated (negative control), and anemic group treated with 1ml/kg emzoron (positive control), respectively. Groups D and E were treated with 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius respectively by oral gavage once a day for 14 days. Anemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg phenylhydrazine for four consecutive days in groups B to E. At the end of 14 days treatment, biochemical analysis were done using standard diagnostic methods and haematological parameters were analysed using an automated haematology analyzer (Mindray-BC-5300). Results: The result of the LD50 study showed that the extract may not be very toxic. The extract was able to restore the impaired biochemical parameters caused by phenylhydrazine to normal after 14 days of treatment. The antianemic effects of EECA was demonstrated by significant increases (p<0.05) in the hemoglobin (HGB), packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count of the extract-treated groups after 14 days of treatment compared to the anemic untreated control group. There was a better increase in the hemoglobin levels of 100 mg/kg EECA (13.40±0.35) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (12.50±0.45). Also, the packed cell volume increased more in 100 mg/kg EECA (40.97±0.87) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (38.73±1.63). A better increase was observed in the red blood cell count of 100 mg/kg EECA (5.83±0.35) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (5.55±0.44). Conclusion: The EECA was well tolerated by the animals as was seen from the results of the biochemical parameters. The extract also improved the haematological parameters of the animals. The animals that were treated with 100 mg/kg bodyweight yielded a far much better result by totally restoring the haematological parameters of the phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats to normal without any observable alterations in the biochemical parameters investigated.

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hal-05157292 , version 1 (11-07-2025)

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  • HAL Id : hal-05157292 , version 1

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Obiajulu Christian Ezeigwe, Valentine Osita Godwin Nwobodo, Ebele Lauretta Iloanya. Biochemical Potentials of Ethanol Leaf Extract of C. aconitifolius in Phenylhydrazine Induced Anemia in Rats. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, 2025, 34 (4), pp.234-251. ⟨hal-05157292⟩
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