Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2025

Aerostructural optimization of high-aspect-ratio wings: navigating complex trade-offs

Résumé

A promising innovation path in aircraft design aimed at improving fuel effi- ciency and reducing emissions is the adoption of concepts featuring increased wing aspect ratios. This study investigates the aerostructural optimization of high aspect ratio (HAR) wings using the uCRM-13.5 benchmark and the OpenAeroStruct framework. The impact of model fidelity, objective metrics, analysis methods, and material selection on optimal wing design is examined. Results showed that neglecting viscous and compressibility effects leads to unrealistic designs, with fuel burn underestimated by up to 45%. Mid-fidelity mod- els, which combine a vortex lattice method-based aerodynamic model with estimations of viscous and compressibility drag, and a 1D beam finite element structural model, achieve results within 6% for fuel burn and 4.85% for wing weight compared to high fidelity models, while reducing computational time by over 97%. Objective metric selection was found to significantly influence the optimum design. Pareto fronts analysis revealed that extreme weighting cause disproportionate trade-offs between fuel burn, structural weight and take- off gross weight (TOGW). For instance, a 0.6% improvement in structural weight led to a 21.28% increase in fuel burn, while a 0.17% improvement in TOGW came with a 2.26% increase in fuel burn. Optimal designs lie between these extremes, balancing direct op- erating, manufacturing and acquisition costs. Different analysis methods were evaluated across mission ranges. While single- and multi-point approaches performed adequately for long-range missions, they underestimated fuel burn by up to 50% for short missions. The sequential method, which includes the climb phase, offered more accurate fuel predictions at lower computational cost compared to the multi-point method.Material exploration showed that switching from aluminium to composite materials reduced fuel burn and structural weight by 18% and 13%, respectively, for fuel burn-focused design and 31% and 2.24%, respectively, for structural weight focused design. However, this improvement comes at the cost of increased CO2 emissions from material manufacturing.


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Dates et versions

hal-05086025 , version 1 (03-06-2025)

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  • HAL Id : hal-05086025 , version 1

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Ousmane Sy, Joseph Morlier, Emmanuel Bénard. Aerostructural optimization of high-aspect-ratio wings: navigating complex trade-offs. AeroBest 2025 – III ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Aerospace Systems, Apr 2025, Lisbon, Portugal. ⟨hal-05086025⟩
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