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                <term xml:lang="fr">Participation électorale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Abstention</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Démocratie</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Paradoxe du vote</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Vote</term>
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              <p>The rising voter abstention worldwide raises growing concerns about the legitimacy of democratic systems and reflects a gradual erosion of trust in political institutions. First, this article explores theoretical models that explain electoral behavior and the mechanisms underlying the decision to vote or abstain. It then analyzes the empirical factors influencing abstention, such as socio-demographic and political characteristics. The third section examines the increase in abstention among certain population groups and the changes in political participation patterns. Finally, the article discusses the political implications of abstention, particularly on the representativeness of electoral outcomes and the legitimacy of political decisions, and proposes solutions, including compulsory voting. By bringing together theoretical and empirical analyses, this article provides an overview of the current debate on abstention and its consequences for democracy.</p>
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              <p>La hausse de l’abstention électorale à l’échelle mondiale suscite des interrogations croissantes sur la légitimité des systèmes démocratiques et témoigne d’une érosion progressive de la confiance envers les institutions politiques. En premier lieu, cet article explore les modèles théoriques qui expliquent le comportement électoral et les mécanismes qui sous-tendent la décision de voter ou de s’abstenir. Ensuite, il analyse les facteurs empiriques influençant l’abstention, tels que les caractéristiques socio-démographiques et politiques. Le troisième axe s'intéresse à la hausse de ce phénomène dans certaines catégories de la population et les changements dans les modes de participation politique. Enfin, l’article examine ses implications politiques, notamment sur la représentativité des résultats électoraux et la légitimité des décisions, et propose des solutions comme le vote obligatoire. En rassemblant les analyses théoriques et empiriques, cet article offre une vue d’ensemble du débat actuel sur l’abstention et ses conséquences sur la démocratie.</p>
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