Event knowledge and object-scene knowledge jointly influence fixations in scenes
Résumé
Viewers of real-world scenes typically have knowledge about preceding events ("event knowledge") and the relationships between objects ("object-scene knowledge"). We examined how these knowledge types interact to influence gaze. We recorded eye movements of 48 participants viewing sequences of film frames showing unfolding events. To manipulate event knowledge, we concluded each sequence with an identical "critical frame" that either naturally followed preceding frames or was unrelated. To represent object-scene knowledge, we calculated semantic similarity scores for objects within critical frames using a distributional semantic model. Lower scores indicated objects that were less consistent within a scene. Results showed that event knowledge and object-scene knowledge interacted in guiding fixations, with participants preferentially fixating objects with lower scores when event knowledge was irrelevant. Moreover, semantic similarity interacted with object size in the guidance of fixations. Our findings highlight the intricate relationship between event knowledge, object-scene knowledge and object size in guiding gaze.
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