The impact of pediatric concussion on cerebellum neurodevelopment
Résumé
INTRODUCTION: The cerebellum follows a protracted development, continuing across childhood and adolescence. A recent study on functional connectivity in 150 children aged 8-18 years with a concussion revealed altered interhemispheric connectivity between the right supplementary motor area and the left cerebellum, reflecting "cortico-cerebellar uncoupling"(van der Horn et al., 2024). However, little is known about structural development of the cerebellum following a pediatric concussion. This study aimed at characterizing cerebellum structural development in young adolescents with a history of childhood concussion from the large population-based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Casey et al., 2018). METHODS: The following baseline, 2-years and 4 years follow-up data from the ABCD 5.1 (Garavan et al., 2018) curated data release were used: 1) The Parent Ohio State TBI Screen-Short Modified Report (Bogner et al., 2017) to retrospectively identify children with no-TBI (n = 9,430 ; baseline mean age = 9.9 years; 4,721 [50.6%] females) and those with a concussion (i.e., head-neck injury with loss of consciousness ≤ 30 min or memory loss; n = 319; baseline mean age = 9.9 years; 133 [41.7%] females), and 2) right and left cerebellum grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes computed on T1-weighted images by the ABCD group. Scanner effects were controlled for using longitudinal-ComBat (Beer et al., 2020). Mixed effects models (Mirman, 2017) were constructed with lmerTest_3.1.3 package in R (2023.12.1) to explore group differences at baseline and on the rate of change between ages 10 to 14 years. Sex and parental education were included as covariates. RESULTS: There was no group effect on the developmental trajectories of the 4 cerebellar volumes. Compared to non-injured peers, children with concussion showed similar intercept (all p > 0.3) and slope (all p > 0.24) with a significant increase of WM volumes (Estimates [p-value]; Right = 13.3 mm3 [4.74e-05]; Left = 12 mm3 [5.74e-05]) and no significant change in GM volumes (Estimates [p-value]; Right = 5 mm3 [0.3]; Left = 3.1 mm3 [0.4]). There was a significant effect of sex and education on both intercept and slope for the 4 metrics (all p < 0.02). Girls showed lower WM and GM volumes than boys at baseline and slower increase over time (all p < 2e-16). Higher level of education was associated with larger WM and GM volumes at baseline (all p < 2e-16) and faster increase over time. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the structural development of the cerebellum between ages 10 to 14 years follows similar trajectory in young adolescents with and without concussion. However, cerebellum development was dependent on sex and parental education. Further explorations, notably on the group*sex interaction and on brain connectivity using diffusion MRI, will be conducted to fully understand these findings.
Domaines
| Origine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
|---|---|
| Licence |