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                <idno type="eissn">1476-5616</idno>
                <title level="j">Public Health</title>
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                  <publisher>Elsevier</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">236</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">381-385</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2024-11</date>
                  <date type="dateEpub">2024-09-19</date>
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              <idno type="doi">10.1016/j.puhe.2024.08.019</idno>
              <idno type="pubmed">39303626</idno>
              <ref type="publisher">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350624003652</ref>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Opioids</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Analgesics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Addictovigilance</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Drug-related deaths</term>
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              <classCode scheme="mesh">Adult</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Aged</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Analgesics, Opioid / adverse effects</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Analgesics, Opioid / poisoning</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Drug Overdose / mortality</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Female</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">France / epidemiology</classCode>
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              <classCode scheme="mesh">Registries*</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Tramadol / adverse effects</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="mesh">Tramadol / poisoning</classCode>
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              <p>&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To describe analgesic-related deaths in France and report trends over a 10-year period.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Study design:&lt;/b&gt; The DTA (“Décès Toxiques par Antalgiques”) register is a French database of analgesic-related deaths among people without a history of drug abuse, reported by forensic toxicology experts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; We included analgesic-related deaths occurring from January 2013 to December 2022 in France. Subject demographic characteristics and medical history, forensic autopsy findings, and toxicology reports were evaluated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Among the 1036 deceased individuals (mean [SD] age, 48.3 [15.6] years), there were slightly more women than men (M:F sex ratio, 0.89:1). Over the entire study period, tramadol was the leading cause of death, ahead of morphine. A relative increase in oxycodone-related mortality was observed (from 6.8% in 2013 to 21.1% in 2022) compared to a progressive decrease in tramadol, morphine, and codeine-related deaths (from 43.2%, 31.1% and 24.3% in 2013 to 37.5%, 26.6% and 20.3% in 2022, respectively). However, no statistically significant variations were found (Chi-squared tests of homogeneity). Other analgesics (buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine, fentanyl, gabapentin, ketamine, methadone, nefopam, and pregabalin) were also implicated in deaths, but with low and stable rates over the period studied.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In France, no increase in fentanyl-related deaths and only a non-significant increase in oxycodone-related deaths were observed over the period 2013–2022. Tramadol was the leading cause of analgesic-related deaths throughout this period. Although close monitoring is still required, particularly for oxycodone, our data do not support the hypothesis of an opioid crisis in France.</p>
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          <orgName type="acronym">AMU</orgName>
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