Air emissions contribution to complete environmental assessment of multi-recycled road materials incorporating reclaimed bituminous pavement for a better resource management
Résumé
The use of recycled materials as new asphalt pavement coating components is regulated by standards for chemical analysis of leachate and binders. This study is based on air emission contribution and aims at completing the comprehensive framework for Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) acceptance in road construction. The results show that fumes from studied pavement mixes during manufacturing step in laboratory are composed of gaseous and particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). This presence of PAHs in low quantities and in variable proportions depending on the manufacturing process and the mix design. For example, incorporation of 40% recycled material into hot and warm manufacturing process increases total PAH concentrations in emissions by 8% and 26%, respectively. In addition, the results showed that carcinogenic particulate PAH in emissions from mixes incorporating recycled materials are attributable to RAP itself. These results show that pavement materials capture organic compounds generated by road traffic (mainly linked to engine exhaust fumes) functioning as a pollution sink. When the old pavement is recycled as RAP in the manufacture of new pavement mixes, these PAHs are released into the air through the fumes generated and contributed to air quality. This article highlights the importance of integrating a specific analysis of air emissions into the overall environmental characterization with the analysis of some pollutants in addition current tests based on the analysis of solid-state RAPs and eluates from leaching. A specific section devoted to atmospheric emissions should be added to the current standards and will opened to directing road infrastructure construction and maintenance strategies towards more sustainable industrial practices.
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