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            <title xml:lang="en">Study of one-dimensional nature of S=12 (Sr,Ba)2 Cu (P O4) 2 and BaCu P2 O7 via P31 NMR</title>
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              <p>The magnetic behavior of the low-dimensional phosphates (Sr,Ba)2 Cu (P O4) 2 and BaCu P2 O7 was investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility and P31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. We present here the NMR shift, the spin-lattice (1 T1), and spin-spin (1 T2) relaxation-rate data over a wide temperature range 0.02 K≤T≤300 K. The temperature dependence of the NMR shift K (T) is well described by the S=12 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain model [D. C. Johnston, R. K. Kremer, M. Troyer, X. Wang, A. Klümper, S. L. Bud'ko, A. F. Panchula, and P. C. Canfield, Phys. Rev. B 61, 9558 (2000)] with an intrachain exchange of J kB 165, 151, and 108 K in Sr2 Cu (P O4) 2, Ba2 Cu (P O4) 2, and BaCu P2 O7, respectively. Deviations from Johnston's expression are seen for all these compounds in the T dependence of K (T) at low temperatures. P31 is located symmetrically between the Cu ions and fluctuations of the staggered susceptibility at q=πa should be filtered out due to vanishing of the geometrical form factor. However, the qualitative temperature dependence of our P31 NMR 1 T1 indicates that relaxation due to fluctuations around q=πa (but πa) have the same T dependence as those at q=πa and apparently dominate. Our measurements suggest the presence of magnetic ordering at 0.85 K in BaCu P2 O7 (J kB 108 K) and a clear indication of a phase transition (divergence) in 1 T1 (T), 1 T2 (T), and a change of the line shape is observed. This enables us to investigate the one-dimensional (1D) behavior over a wide temperature range. We find that 1 T1 is nearly T independent at low temperatures (1 K≤T≤10 K), which is theoretically expected for 1D chains when relaxation is dominated by fluctuations of the staggered susceptibility. At high temperatures, 1 T1 varies nearly linearly with temperature, which accounts for contribution of the uniform susceptibility.</p>
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