Design of a 100-GHz Double-Sideband Low-IF CW Doppler Radar Transceiver for Micrometer Mechanical Vibration and Vital Sign Detection
Résumé
This article presents a fully integrated 100-GHz 1 continuous-wave Doppler radar transceiver with the double-2 sideband low-intermediate-frequency (IF) architecture for 3 mechanical vibration and vital sign detection. Fabricated in 4 a 65-nm CMOS process, the whole radar chip transceiver 5 consumes 262 mW with a size of 0.9 mm × 2.0 mm. Instead of 6 utilizing a fundamental 100-GHz VCO in the chip, a push-push 7 frequency doubler with the 50-GHz external source is adopted 8 to drive the transceiver. Under a dedicated design on the system 9 architecture and circuit blocks, the chip could transmit 4-dBm 10 saturated power ( P sat ) over 93-105 GHz with a 40-mV 1-kHz 11 IF carrier and achieve good I/Q performance of phase mismatch 12 < 1 • and amplitude mismatch <1 dB over 95-104 GHz. With 13 a -36-dBm RF input from 99 to 104 GHz, the IF differential 14 output amplitude varies from 470 to 680 mV. To validate the 15 detection ability, a probe-station-based test setup is proposed. 16 Benefiting from the short wavelength at 103 GHz, this radar 17 system successfully detects the mechanical vibration of 1-µm 18 displacement from 1.5 m, the human vital-sign signal from 2 m, 19 and even a small bullfrog's hybrid respiratory motion from 0.6 m. 20 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 100-GHz CMOS 21 Doppler radar transceiver chip with the low-IF architecture for 22 the biological vital sign detection.
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