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              <p>In French law, an examining magistrate is not supposed to pronounce on the innocence or guilt of the accused; he merely establishes whether the case submitted to him deserves to be tried in court. The magistrate in Tanguy Viel's Article 353 du code pénal thus greatly oversteps his function when, by virtue of an "inner conviction" that is normally only required of jurors in the court of assizes, he decides to drop the proceedings against the narrator, who has just confessed to him that he killed the real estate developer who had swindled him. Analyzing the stakes of this novelistic evacuation of a due process, the present article aims at exploring the questioning that animates the philosopher François Ost in Le Droit ou l'empire du tiers (2021): What changes when one passes to the law, or, conversely, when one passes without the law? It is thus less the sentence itself, namely the legitimacy of the protagonist, that will be questioned, than the role of the procedure such as it is provided for by the code, which is supposed to guarantee the passage of the case to another dimension than that of the simple interpersonal relationship.</p>
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              <p>En droit français, un juge d’instruction n’est pas censé se prononcer sur l’innocence ou la culpabilité du prévenu ; il se contente d’établir si le dossier qui lui est soumis mérite d’être jugé au tribunal. Le magistrat d’Article 353 du code pénal, de Tanguy Viel, outrepasse donc largement sa fonction lorsque, en vertu d’une « intime conviction » qui n’est normalement demandée qu’aux juré.es de cour d’assises, il décide d’abandonner les poursuites contre le narrateur, qui vient pourtant de lui avouer qu’il a tué le promoteur immobilier qui l’avait escroqué. Analysant les enjeux de cette évacuation romanesque d’un procès en bonne et due forme, le présent article vise à explorer le questionnement qui anime le philosophe François Ost dans Le Droit ou l’empire du tiers (2021) : Qu’est-ce qui change quand on passe au droit, ou, l’inverse, quand on se passe du droit ? C’est donc moins la sentence en elle-même, à savoir la légitimité du protagoniste, qui sera ainsi interrogée, que le rôle de la procédure telle qu’elle est prévue par le code, censée garantir le passage du cas à une autre dimension que celle de la simple relation interpersonnelle.</p>
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