<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04815502</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-02T06:26:20+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Static behavior of thick flax/epoxy composite laminates: multi-instrumentation mechanical failure analysis</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Fatiha</forename>
                <surname>Batouche</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1453285</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3321051-1453285</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1488-7702</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1211584"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mohamed</forename>
                <surname>Ameur</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1453286</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3321052-1453286</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-0556</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1211584"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Redouane</forename>
                <surname>Zitoune</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6773b67587122c49ec4279deb464778b</email>
              <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">redouane-zitoune</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">19729</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">12801-19729</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-0998</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/084254351</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-110103"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-254061"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Claire</forename>
                <surname>Morel</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">39958-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-110103"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Lotfi</forename>
                <surname>Toubal</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1381683</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">562122-1381683</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9031-3577</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-253844"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Redouane</forename>
                <surname>Zitoune</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6773b67587122c49ec4279deb464778b</email>
              <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-12-03 04:00:37</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-07 05:29:37</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-12-03 04:00:37</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2024-11-29</date>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="632330">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Redouane</forename>
                  <surname>Zitoune</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">6773b67587122c49ec4279deb464778b</email>
                <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04815502</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04815502</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">batouche:hal-04815502</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Journal of Composite Materials&lt;/i&gt;, 2024, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983241304025"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1177/00219983241304025&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Journal of Composite Materials, 2024, &amp;#x27E8;10.1177/00219983241304025&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted"/>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-TLSE3">Université de Toulouse</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-TOULOUSE">Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ICA" corresp="MINES-ALBI">Institut Clément Ader (Publications depuis 2009)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSA-GROUPE">Groupe INSA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUTS-TELECOM">composantes instituts telecom </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-UT3">Université Toulouse 3</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UT3-INP">Université de Toulouse / Toulouse INP</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UT3-TOULOUSEINP">Université de Toulouse / Toulouse INP</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ISAE-SUPAERO">Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CINTRA">Advancing Materials Research through France–Singapore Collaboration</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Static behavior of thick flax/epoxy composite laminates: multi-instrumentation mechanical failure analysis</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Fatiha</forename>
                    <surname>Batouche</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1453285</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3321051-1453285</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1488-7702</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1211584"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mohamed</forename>
                    <surname>Ameur</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1453286</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">3321052-1453286</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-0556</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1211584"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Redouane</forename>
                    <surname>Zitoune</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">6773b67587122c49ec4279deb464778b</email>
                  <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">redouane-zitoune</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">19729</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">12801-19729</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-0998</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/084254351</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-110103"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-254061"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Claire</forename>
                    <surname>Morel</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">39958-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-110103"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Lotfi</forename>
                    <surname>Toubal</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1381683</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">562122-1381683</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9031-3577</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-253844"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="localRef">MSC</idno>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">5960</idno>
                <idno type="issn">0021-9983</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1530-793X</idno>
                <title level="j">Journal of Composite Materials</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher>
                  <date type="datePub">2024-11-29</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1177/00219983241304025</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="spi">Engineering Sciences [physics]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>The use of thick composites in civil engineering and aeronautics fields is becoming increasingly common in primary or secondary structures, and natural fiber composites present a valuable alternative in terms of mechanical performance, cost and environmental impact. Investigating the mechanical characteristics and damage mechanisms that occur in thick flax/epoxy laminates is the primary objective of this research. Firstly, multi-instrumented bending tests and interlaminar shear tests were carried-out to assess the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the composite. This multi-instrumentation concerns, the Acoustic Emission and the Digital Image Correlation techniques. In addition, postmortem observations utilizing Computed Tomography (CT) Scan and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out. Finite Elements and analytical models were proposed to evaluate the mechanical response. At the macroscale, results demonstrate a good correlation in the elastic zone between the numerical, analytical and the experimental. However, at the mesoscale the correlation is less evident especially close to the final failure of the laminate. Based on SEM and X-ray tomography images, the differences recorded are related mainly to the plies thickness variations and the waviness phenomenon induced by the manufacturing process.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1211584" status="VALID">
          <orgName>École Nationale Supérieure des Technologies Avancées [Algérie]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENSTA [Algérie]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Lycée Emir Abdelkader Bab El Oued Alger DZ، 16001</addrLine>
              <country key="DZ"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://ensta.edu.dz/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-110103" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">157767337</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000459055356</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">199113242M</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/040smqw14</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q30297078</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Clément Ader</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ICA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2009-06-01</date>
          <date type="end">2025-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>ESPACE CLEMENT ADER - Toulouse Montaudran Aerospace3 rue Caroline Aigle31400 Toulouse CEDEX 04</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://ica.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="EA814" active="#struct-82720" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-116255" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-217752" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR5312" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="EA814" active="#struct-469216" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-254061" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">200919745C</idno>
          <orgName>CNRS International - NTU - Thales Research Alliance</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CINTRA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2009-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553</addrLine>
              <country key="SG"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-250969" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300732" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="IRL3288 / UMI3288" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-253844" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2153 9679</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02xrw9r68</idno>
          <orgName>Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UQTR</orgName>
          <date type="start">1969-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières (Québec) G9A 5H7</addrLine>
              <country key="CA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uqtr.ca/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-82720" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04gyj6s21</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ISAE-SUPAERO</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>ISAE - 10 av. Edouard Belin - BP 54032 - 31055 TOULOUSE Cedex 4</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.isae-supaero.fr/fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-116255" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026388766</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2286 8343</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01h8pf755</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q858979</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA Toulouse</orgName>
          <date type="start">1963-10-21</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>135, avenue de Rangueil - 31077 Toulouse cedex 4</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.insa-toulouse.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301232" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301232" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162105150</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National des Sciences Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-443875" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/017tgbk05</idno>
          <orgName>Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Comue de Toulouse</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>41 Allée Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-toulouse.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-217752" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026404672</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121617331</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02v6kpv12</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q1273188</idno>
          <orgName>Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UT3</orgName>
          <date type="end">2025-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>118 route de Narbonne - 31062 Toulouse</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-tlse3.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-469216" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">035022116</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00bq8vv83</idno>
          <orgName>IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT Mines Albi</orgName>
          <date type="start">1993-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Jarlard - Route de Teillet81013 ALBI Cedex 09</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt-mines-albi.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-302102" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">192427156</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012202567X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/025vp2923</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q27962533</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-03-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-250969" status="VALID">
          <orgName>THALES [France]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.thalesgroup.com/fr/europe/france</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300732" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02e7b5302</idno>
          <orgName>Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">NTU</orgName>
          <date type="start">1955-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapour 639798</addrLine>
              <country key="SG"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ntu.edu.sg/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>