Soviets and workers' councils in Ireland and Europe (1918-23): a comparative study
Résumé
Ireland, although reputed to be essentially rural, conservative and Catholic, nevertheless saw around a hundred soviet experiments in workers' self-management during the Irish Revolution of 1916-23, which was supposed to have united the various social strata of the nationalist community with a view to independence. In so doing, it followed in the footsteps of other European countries and regions, including Ukraine, Italy and much of the former central Empires, that were more or less inspired by the Russian model that emerged from the 1917 Revolution. This chapter provides an opportunity to carry out a comparative study of all the soviet and workers' council movements that sprang up in Ireland and Europe between 1918 and 1923, so as to classify them into clusters and to offer some leads as to why they failed to bring about the European-wide socialist revolution that the Russian communists were calling for.
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