Archeo-ichthyological and archaeo-malacological studies have increased in the last decades in the Mediterranean and cover almost all periods of Prehistory and Antiquity. Among other regions, the Aegean Sea offers a particularly diversiÞed spatiotemporal panorama of the early Mediterranean History, which highlights the diversity of responses vis-à-vis the marine environment, omnipresent in the Aegean landscape. The rich dataset from this region has allowed addressing a number of themes touching upon all aspects of livelihood by the sea. However, what has been addressed to a lesser extent is the role of diachronic variations of Aegean prehistoric Þsh landings, namely in the turn from Mesolithic to Neolithic and to Bronze Age communities, and the potential impact of ecological ßuctuations vs. that of human choices on Þsh catches. This paper brießy explores this speciÞc research question by applying on a selection of Aegean prehistoric assemblages a methodological approach not commonly used in archeo-ichthyological research, namely a fundamental ecological model that seeks to assess how environmental and/or anthropogenic pressures impact the functioning of marine food webs and how societies adapt to these changes. This approach lies in the center of a newly launched ERC-CoG research program (MERMAID), that will improve and expand this exploratory application. Preliminary results show the potential of applying research questions and methodological tools from other disciplines in order to highlight tendencies and offer alternative interpretations that may add to the observations offered by standard approaches used in zooarchaeological research.