Exploring the variations in ambient BTEX in urban Europe and its environmental health implications - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue EGUsphere Année : 2024

Exploring the variations in ambient BTEX in urban Europe and its environmental health implications

Xiansheng Liu
Xun Zhang
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marvin Dufresne
Tao Wang
  • Fonction : Auteur
Lijie Wu
  • Fonction : Auteur
Rosa Lara
Roger Seco
Marta Monge
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano
Marie Gohy
  • Fonction : Auteur
Paul Petit
  • Fonction : Auteur
Audrey Chevalier
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marie-Pierre Vagnot
  • Fonction : Auteur
Yann Fortier
  • Fonction : Auteur
Grégory Gille
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ludovic Lanzi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Valérie Gros
  • Fonction : Auteur
Leïla Simon
  • Fonction : Auteur
Heidi Hellen
Stefan Reimann
Zoé Le Bras
Michelle Jessy Müller
David Beddows
  • Fonction : Auteur
Siqi Hou
Zongbo Shi
Roy Harrison
William Bloss
James Dernie
  • Fonction : Auteur
Stéphane Sauvage
  • Fonction : Auteur
Philip Hopke
Xiaoli Duan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Taicheng An
  • Fonction : Auteur
Alastair Lewis
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jim Hopkins
Eleni Liakakou
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nikolaos Mihalopoulos
  • Fonction : Auteur
Xiaohu Zhang
  • Fonction : Auteur
Andrés Alastuey
Xavier Querol
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Abstract. BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p,o-xylene) are significant urban air pollutants. This study examines BTEX variability across seven European countries using data from 22 monitoring sites in different urban settings (urban background, traffic, industry, and suburban background). Results indicate that the relative abundance of BTEX in urban areas follows the order: toluene > benzene > m,p-xylene > o-xylene > ethylbenzene, with mean mixing ratios of 391 ± 451, 252 ± 324, 222 ± 297, 92 ± 119, and 78 ± 107 ppt from 2017 to 2022, respectively. Seasonal trends show benzene had similar median concentrations across urban background, traffic, and industrial sites, indicating mixed sources. Toluene levels were highest in traffic and industrial areas, highlighting road traffic and industrial emissions. Ethylbenzene and xylenes showed equivalent levels in traffic and industrial areas but were lower in urban backgrounds. Peak BTEX levels occurred during morning and evening rush hours, linked to traffic, heating, and atmospheric stagnation. B/T ratios ranged from 0.29 ± 0.11 to 1.35 ± 0.95, and X/E ratios ranged from 1.75 ± 0.91 to 3.68 ± 0.30, indicating primary pollution from local traffic, followed by solvents, coatings, and biomass burning. Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR) values for BTEX exposure were below the definite risk threshold (10−4) but above the permissible risk level (10−6), suggesting moderate risk from benzene and ethylbenzene, particularly in traffic and industrial areas. This study offers essential insights into BTEX pollution in European urban environments.

Dates et versions

hal-04786203 , version 1 (15-11-2024)

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Citer

Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Marvin Dufresne, Tao Wang, Lijie Wu, et al.. Exploring the variations in ambient BTEX in urban Europe and its environmental health implications. EGUsphere, 2024, ⟨10.5194/egusphere-2024-2309⟩. ⟨hal-04786203⟩
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