African bushpigs exhibit porous species boundaries and appeared in Madagascar concurrently with human arrival - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue Nature Communications Année : 2024

African bushpigs exhibit porous species boundaries and appeared in Madagascar concurrently with human arrival

Renzo Balboa
Laura Bertola
Anna Brüniche-Olsen
Malthe Sebro Rasmussen
Xiaodong Liu
Jordi Salmona
  • Fonction : Auteur
Cindy Santander
Shixu He
Dietmar Zinner
Miguel Pedrono
  • Fonction : Auteur
Vincent Muwanika
Charles Masembe
Mikkel Schubert
Josiah Kuja
  • Fonction : Auteur
Liam Quinn
Genís Garcia-Erill
Frederik Filip Stæger
Rianja Rakotoarivony
  • Fonction : Auteur
Margarida Henrique
  • Fonction : Auteur
Long Lin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Xi Wang
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michael Heaton
Timothy Smith
Kristian Hanghøj
  • Fonction : Auteur
Mikkel-Holger Sinding
Anagaw Atickem
Lounès Chikhi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Christian Roos
Philippe Gaubert
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hans Siegismund
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ida Moltke
Anders Albrechtsen
Rasmus Heller

Résumé

Abstract Several African mammals exhibit a phylogeographic pattern where closely related taxa are split between West/Central and East/Southern Africa, but their evolutionary relationships and histories remain controversial. Bushpigs ( Potamochoerus larvatus ) and red river hogs ( P. porcus ) are recognised as separate species due to morphological distinctions, a perceived lack of interbreeding at contact, and putatively old divergence times, but historically, they were considered conspecific. Moreover, the presence of Malagasy bushpigs as the sole large terrestrial mammal shared with the African mainland raises intriguing questions about its origin and arrival in Madagascar. Analyses of 67 whole genomes revealed a genetic continuum between the two species, with putative signatures of historical gene flow, variable F ST values, and a recent divergence time (<500,000 years). Thus, our study challenges key arguments for splitting Potamochoerus into two species and suggests their speciation might be incomplete. Our findings also indicate that Malagasy bushpigs diverged from southern African populations and underwent a limited bottleneck 1000-5000 years ago, concurrent with human arrival in Madagascar. These results shed light on the evolutionary history of an iconic and widespread African mammal and provide insight into the longstanding biogeographic puzzle surrounding the bushpig’s presence in Madagascar.

Dates et versions

hal-04733652 , version 1 (12-10-2024)

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Citer

Renzo Balboa, Laura Bertola, Anna Brüniche-Olsen, Malthe Sebro Rasmussen, Xiaodong Liu, et al.. African bushpigs exhibit porous species boundaries and appeared in Madagascar concurrently with human arrival. Nature Communications, 2024, 15 (1), pp.172. ⟨10.1038/s41467-023-44105-1⟩. ⟨hal-04733652⟩

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