This chapter specifically focuses on healthcare rationalization policies. In terms of healthcare planning, it first introduces the approaches that measure spatial accessibility to healthcare in terms of the distance between the population and the healthcare provision. The chapter then details the way in which population mobility is taken into consideration (or not) by spatial accessibility to healthcare and in the delimitation of territories when planning the healthcare provision. It presents an appraisal of the traditional density and distance indicators. While the former do not take mobility into account,the latter only consider it in terms of distance. The chapter discusses the methodologies for delimiting health planning territories based on journey flows and the most recent methods for measuring spatial accessibility to healthcare by means of an encompassing approach to mobility, combining availability and distance via gravity models on the influence of provision.