Disentangling fine particles (PM2.5) composition in Hanoi, Vietnam: Emission sources and oxidative potential
Résumé
A comprehensive chemical characterization of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was conducted at an urban site in one of the most densely populated cities of Vietnam, Hanoi. Chemical analysis of a series of 57 daily PM2.5 samples obtained in 2019-2020 included the quantification of a detailed set of chemical tracers as well as the oxidative potential (OP), which estimates the ability of PM to catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo as an initial step of health effects due to oxidative stress. The PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 8.3 to 148 μg m−3 , with an annual average of 40.2 ± 26.3 μg m−3 (from September 2019 to December 2020). Our results obtained by applying the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source-receptor apportionment model showed the contribution of nine PM2.5 sources. The main anthropogenic sources contributing to the PM mass concentrations were heavy fuel oil (HFO) combustion (25.3 %), biomass burning (20 %), primary traffic (7.6 %) and long-range transport aerosols (10.6 %). The OP activities were evaluated for the first time in an urban site in Vietnam. The average OP v levels obtained in our study were 3.9 ± 2.4 and 4.5 ± 3.2 nmol min -1 m−3 for OP DTT.
Domaines
Sciences de l'environnement| Origine | Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte |
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