<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04701588</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-17T10:32:57+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Formulating multi-class user equilibrium using mixed-integer linear programming</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Xiao</forename>
                <surname>Lin</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1416501</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">974642-1416501</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-0828</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-104851"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-59704"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Ludovic</forename>
                <surname>Leclercq</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">4f8b9fd4018db93fd340e4813129c031</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-eiffel.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">ludoleclercq</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1309387</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">418835-1309387</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3942-6354</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1088961"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Lóránt</forename>
                <surname>Tavasszy</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">2775111-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-333368"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Hans</forename>
                <surname>van Lint</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">956055-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-333368"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Ludovic</forename>
                <surname>Leclercq</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">4f8b9fd4018db93fd340e4813129c031</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-eiffel.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-09-18 15:40:56</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-03-30 17:34:26</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-09-20 08:03:24</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2022</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2024-09-18</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04701588v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2024-09-18"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04701588v1/file/preprint%20-%20new%20formulation%20STA.pdf" id="file-4701588-4089261">
                <date notBefore="2024-09-18"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="1476196">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Ludovic</forename>
                  <surname>Leclercq</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">4f8b9fd4018db93fd340e4813129c031</email>
                <email type="domain">univ-eiffel.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04701588</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04701588</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">lin:hal-04701588</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics&lt;/i&gt;, 2022, 11, pp.100097. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtl.2022.100097"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1016/j.ejtl.2022.100097&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics, 2022, 11, pp.100097. &amp;#x27E8;10.1016/j.ejtl.2022.100097&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-4701588-4089261"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENS-PARIS">Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-PARIS3">Université Sorbonne Nouvelle</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENTPE">Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LATTICE" corresp="ENS-PARIS">Langues, textes, traitement informatique, cognition</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PSL">Université Paris sciences et lettres</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UDL">UDL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENS-PSL" corresp="PSL">École normale supérieure - PSL</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-EIFFEL">Université Gustave Eiffel</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="U-EIFFEL">Université Gustave Eiffel</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS-SECTION-36">CNRS Sciences humaines &amp; sociales – section 36 : Sciences du langage</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Formulating multi-class user equilibrium using mixed-integer linear programming</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Xiao</forename>
                    <surname>Lin</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1416501</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">974642-1416501</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-0828</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-104851"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-59704"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Ludovic</forename>
                    <surname>Leclercq</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">4f8b9fd4018db93fd340e4813129c031</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-eiffel.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">ludoleclercq</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1309387</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">418835-1309387</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3942-6354</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1088961"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Lóránt</forename>
                    <surname>Tavasszy</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">2775111-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-333368"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Hans</forename>
                    <surname>van Lint</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">956055-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-333368"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">98260</idno>
                <idno type="issn">2192-4376</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">2192-4384</idno>
                <title level="j">EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Springer</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">11</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">100097</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2022</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ejtl.2022.100097</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Trac assignment user equilibrium mathematical programming mixed-integer linear programming multi-class</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Trac assignment</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">user equilibrium</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">mathematical programming</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">mixed-integer linear programming</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">multi-class</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="spi">Engineering Sciences [physics]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>&lt;div xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"&gt;&lt;p&gt;We introduce an approach to formulate and solve the multi-class user equilibrium trac assignment as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Compared to simulation approaches, the analytical MILP formulation makes the solution of network assignment problems more tractable. When applied in a multi-class context, it obviates the need to assume a symmetrical inuence between classes and thereby allows richer trac behavior to be taken into account. Also, it integrates naturally in optimization problems such as maintenance planning and trac management. We develop the model and apply it for the Sioux Falls network, showing that it outperforms the traditional Beckmann-based and MSA approaches in smaller-scale problems. Further research opportunities lie in developing extensions of MILP-based assignment, with dierent variants of user equilibrium or dynamic assignment, and in improving the model and solution algorithms to allow large-scale application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-104851" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">161419992</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200012753S</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03ms1y683</idno>
          <orgName>Lattice - Langues, Textes, Traitements informatiques, Cognition - UMR 8094</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Lattice</orgName>
          <date type="start">2000-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Lattice - ENS 1, rue Maurice Arnoux 92120 Montrouge</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.lattice.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-52995" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-303171" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR8094" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1072648" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-59704" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-59704" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">031738419</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000123532622</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05a0dhs15</idno>
          <orgName>École normale supérieure - Paris</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENS-PSL</orgName>
          <date type="start">1985-07-24</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>45, Rue d'Ulm - 75230 Paris cedex 05</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ens.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1088961" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Laboratoire d’Ingénierie Circulation Transport et Éco-gestion des systèmes énergétiques pour les transports</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LICIT-Eco7</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>25 avenue François Mitterrand, Cité des mobilités F-69675 Bron Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-gustave-eiffel.fr/recherche/composantes-de-recherche/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300365" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-580722" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-333368" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02e2c7k09</idno>
          <orgName>Delft University of Technology</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">TU Delft</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Postbus 5,  2600 AA Delft</addrLine>
              <country key="NL"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.tudelft.nl/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-52995" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">027361837</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 1937 060X </idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03z6jp965</idno>
          <orgName>Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3</orgName>
          <date type="start">1970-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>17, rue de la Sorbonne - 75231 Paris cedex 05</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-paris3.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-303171" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">19077990X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/001z21q04</idno>
          <orgName>Université Sorbonne Paris Cité</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">USPC</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université Sorbonne Paris Cité | 100-104, avenue de France | 75013 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.sorbonne-paris-cite.fr/fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-564132" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">241597595</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 1784 3645</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/013cjyk83</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris Sciences et Lettres</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">PSL</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-1072648" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Département Littératures et langage - ENS-PSL</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LILA</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>ENS, 45, rue d'Ulm75005 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://litteratures.ens.psl.eu/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-59704" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-564132" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300365" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05r0ccb59</idno>
          <orgName>École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENTPE</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>3, rue Maurice Audin - 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.entpe.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-580722" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03x42jk29</idno>
          <orgName>Université Gustave Eiffel</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Cité Descartes, 5 Boulevard Descartes • Champs-sur-Marne, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-gustave-eiffel.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>