Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Myrtus communis essential oil from Morocco - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Année : 2019

Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Myrtus communis essential oil from Morocco

Résumé

Background: Myrtus communis L. is an aromatic evergreen plant common in Morocco. In addition to its culinary uses, it has been used medicinally as a disinfectant, an antiseptic or as a hypoglycemic agent. However, its cytotoxic activity has not been well investigated so far. The current study describes the chemical composition, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Myrtus communis L essential oil obtained from different regions of Morocco. Methods: Myrtus communis essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in murine mastocytoma P815 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, using the MTT assay. In addition, DNA fragmentation was assessed by gel electrophoresis. The antioxidant effect was determined by measuring bleaching of β-carotene with the linoleic acid and the DPPH radical scavenging methods. Results: GC-MS analysis showed high amounts of methyl eugenol (18.7%), α-terpineol (15.5%) and geranyl acetate (11.64%) in essential oil from the Benslimane region. In contrast, essential oil from Ouazzane was particularly rich in 1,8-cineole (36.3%). The cytotoxicity results showed that MCF-7 cells were more sensitive than P815 cells to the essential oils from Ouazzane and Benslimane regions with IC50 values of 4 and 6.25 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, this cytotoxicity was partly associated with DNA fragmentation, which is one of the characteristics of apoptosis. The tested essential oils did not show strong antioxidant activity. Conclusions: Myrtus communis L. essential oil exhibits a weak antioxidant effect, but induced remarkable cytotoxic activity by a mechanism related to apoptosis, suggesting a possible application of the bioactive compounds as natural anticancer compounds.
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Dates et versions

hal-04695467 , version 1 (12-09-2024)

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Younes Harassi, Mounir Tilaoui, Abderrazak Idir, Frédéric Jullien, Sylvie Baudino, et al.. Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Myrtus communis essential oil from Morocco. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2019, 16 (3), pp.20180100. ⟨10.1515/jcim-2018-0100⟩. ⟨hal-04695467⟩
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