Modelling approaches to predict and to help anticipating risks of heat stress over crop sensitive stages could be reliable decision-making tools. However, these approaches are reliable in stressful contexts that were initially used for model calibration and evaluation.

Among the on going climate change's characteristics, the recurrence of spring heat waves has become an increasing threat to winter crops that complete their reproductive phase over the spring and early summer period such as winter oilseed rape (WOSR) (IPCC, 2021).

Successive heat stresses can either amplify the negative effects of late stresses or alleviate these late effects (the so-called 'priming effect' of first stress exposure) as a consequence of stress memory (Magno et al. 2022a, Hilker et al,, 2019), thus meaning that the effects of the stresses are not additive.