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            <title xml:lang="de">Der Ausnahmezustand – ein Raum ohne Rechte ? Die Stärkung der Exekutive durch französisches Recht</title>
            <title xml:lang="en">Is the state of exception a space devoid of rights ? The executive’s strengthening of and by French Law</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">L’état d’exception, un espace vide de droits ? Le renforcement (de l’)exécutif de (par) la loi française</title>
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                <title xml:lang="de">Der Ausnahmezustand – ein Raum ohne Rechte ? Die Stärkung der Exekutive durch französisches Recht</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Is the state of exception a space devoid of rights ? The executive’s strengthening of and by French Law</title>
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                <term xml:lang="de">Ausnahmezustand</term>
                <term xml:lang="de">Polizeilicher Ermessensspielraum</term>
                <term xml:lang="de">Verwaltungspolizei</term>
                <term xml:lang="de">Grundrechte</term>
                <term xml:lang="de">Verwaltungsrecht</term>
                <term xml:lang="de">Verfassungsrecht</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Administrative police</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">State of emergency</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Police discretion</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Fundamental rights</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Administrative law</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Constitutional law</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">droit constitutionnel</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">État d’exception</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">discrétion policière</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">police administrative</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">droits fondamentaux</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">droit administratif</term>
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              <p>Im Gegensatz zu den Thesen Agambens ist der Ausnahmezustand kein rechtsfreier Raum ; man kann ihn daher einer rechtswissenschaftlichen Untersuchung unterziehen. Das französische Recht ermöglicht eine solche Untersuchung im Besonderen, denn Ausnahmezustände treten in Frankreich seit 2015 immer häufiger auf. Die Forschung zeigt, dass der Ausnahmezustand von der Exekutive ebenso gestärkt wird, wie er sie stärkt. Diese Verstärkung führt zu einer Ausweitung der Befugnisse der Polizeibehörden. Die Ausweitung der Befugnisse des Polizeipersonals erhöht dessen Ermessensspielraum und verringert dadurch die Rechtssicherheit. Diese Sachlage führt zu einer Annäherung zwischen unserer Forschung und der allgemeinen Agambischen Theorie des Ausnahmezustands.</p>
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              <p>The state of emergency is not a space void of law, as Agamben claims. It is therefore possible to study it from a legal point of view. French law allows for such research, because states of exception have been occurring more and more frequently there since 2015. This research shows that states of emergency are reinforced by the executive as much as they reinforce it. This strengthening leads to an expansion of the powers of police authorities. Increasing the powers of the latter increases their discretion. This police discretion further reduces legal certainty. This situation leads to a convergence between our research and the general Agambian theory of the state of emergency.</p>
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              <p>L’état d’exception n’est pas un espace vide de droit, comme le prétend Agamben ; il est donc possible d’en faire une étude juridique. Le droit français permet une telle observation depuis 2015, les états d’urgence et leurs ersatz s’y étant multipliés. Il en ressort que les états d’urgence sont renforcés par l’exécutif autant qu’il le renforce. Ceci accroît les pouvoirs des autorités de police, en particulier des préfets, mais également des personnels de police. Or, l’accroissement des pouvoirs de ces derniers accroît leur pouvoir d’appréciation. Cette discrétion policière réduit d’autant la sécurité juridique. La théorie générale agambienne de l’état d’exception se rapproche ainsi finalement de l’analyse des états d’urgence français : si l’état d’exception n’est pas vide de droit, il tend à être vide de droits.</p>
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