The french archaeological zoning tools: a way to question the construction of the archaeological significance. The zones of presumption of archaeological prescription.
Résumé
The aim of this paper is to present the first results of a research project that has just begun (January 2024) on the construction of a form of zoning specific to France: the zones of presumption of archaeological prescription (les zones de présomptions de prescription archéologique). These zones delimit areas within which, depending on the development projects envisaged, the French State, through the Prefectures and the Regional Archaeological Services, may request a prescription for archaeological diagnosis, which may in return lead to modifications to the development projects. The objective of this research project is to analyse the factors involved in defining the spatial extent of these zones. To what extent is the definition of these zones the result of the state of knowledge at a given time (archaeological map), other pre-existing protection measures and the stakeholders involved in the zoning process (government departments, INRAP, CNRS, universities, local authority departments, voluntary associations)? On the basis of initial semi-directive interviews and analysis of the grey literature (administrative documents), it emerges that these types of archaeological zoning are strongly constrained by the areas in which they are located. In return, this analysis of this type of zoning provides information on the way in which the archaeological value attributed to an area, over and above the archaeological characteristics of the site (type of site, period, state of conservation) is a function of territorial contexts and the interplay of multi-scalar stakeholders.
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