Plants acquire soil P through root morphology, root physiology or symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), their interplay being still poorly understood. We investigated how durum wheat belowground traits respond to AMF inoculation under varying soil P availability. Ten durum wheat varieties were grown in a greenhouse experiment, under optimal and limiting soil P levels, with or without inoculation of an AMF community. Roots of 7-week old plants were collected to evaluate AMF colonization rates, root morphological traits and rhizosphere phosphatase activities. Shoot biomass and shoot P uptake were quantified. Mycorrhizal growth response (MGR) was calculated. Principal Component Analysis was used to evaluate AMF-induced root plasticity based on belowground traits, and mixed models were performed to assess the impact of soil P availability, durum wheat variety and AMF inoculation on these traits. AMF inoculation revealed the plasticity of root morphological traits: it resulted in increased Root Tissue Density (RTD), decreased Specific Root Length (SRL) and proportion of fine roots, while soil P availability had a lesser effect. Amongst durum wheat varieties, MGR varied from neutral to negative and was negatively correlated with AMF colonization rates, especially under limiting soil P level. Durum wheat varieties exhibiting the highest AMF-induced root plasticity also displayed the most negative MGR. Negative effect of AMF on both bread and durum wheat response have already been observed. Our results suggest that AMF-induced root plasticity partially trigger these negative responses, and question about the symbiosis with AMF as a beneficial adaptative strategy for the studied durum wheat varieties