Conductive polymers (CPs) have found a lot of applications especially in the microelectronic and optoelectronic fields. More recently, researchers are applying the knowledge gained in these areas toward biomedical applications. Especially, the biocompatible polypyrrole (PPy) CP is suitable for implantation into the body. At the same time, ionic liquids (ILs), especially those based on imidazolium cations showed promising application as novel antimicrobial agents. In particular, poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) present the advantages of combining antibacterial properties and a polymeric character that have been used to manufacture antibacterial membranes. PILs that possess an intrinsically conducting polymers (ICP) backbone like polypyrrole have been synthesized with the objective to combine ionic and electronic conducting properties in the same polymer. However, polypyrrole-based PILs have never been explored as antibacterial materials. In this study, we developed a strategy to prepare antibacterial surfaces by electropolymerization of a pyrrole-functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid bearing an halometallate anion. For this, imidazolium-based ILs bearing a pyrrole function with different alkyl chain lengths were synthesized and the antibacterial activities of these monomers were investigated by means of their MIC/MBC (MIC = Minimal Inhibitory Concentration; MBC =Minimal Bactericidal Concentration) determination against Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus. Our polypyrrole-PILs were then obtained by electropolymerization on FTO substrate. The antibacterial activities of the polypyrrole-PIL membranes were determined both by disk diffusion method and by the colony forming units (CFU) counting method over time. Our results evidenced excellent antibacterial activity for our polypyrrole-based PILs that depends strongly both on the monomer concentration and the alkyl chain length (Ben Halima, H. et al., ACS Applied Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 28, 33383)