Article Dans Une Revue International Journal of Infectious Diseases Année : 2024

Ebola virus circulation in a non-epidemic Guinean rural area: a mixed-method approach to assessing endemicity

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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of orthoebolavirus antibodies in Madina Oula, a non-epidemic rural area in Guinea, in 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 14 to April 3, 2022 involving recording household and socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle data, and collecting dried blood spots from 878 individuals in 235 households. Dried blood spots were tested using multiplex serology to detect antibodies to different orthoebolaviruses: Ebola virus, Bundibugyo virus, Sudan virus, Reston virus, and Bombali virus. Seroprevalence was estimated with a 95% confidence interval and a Z-test was performed to compare the seropositivity between children aged under 15 years and those over 15 years. Household and participant characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistic, and socio-historical conditions were discussed. Results:The serological analysis conducted in 2022 on 878 participants revealed varying reactivity to orthoebolavirus antigens, notably, with glycoprotein antigens, particularly, glycoprotein Sudan virus (16%). A total of 21 samples exhibited reactivity with at least two antigens, with a median age of 27 years (interquartile range 10.00-35.00), ranging from 2 to 80 years. There is no significant difference between seropositivity in children aged under 15 (2.86%) years and those over 15 (2.14%) years. The antibody presence varied per village, with the highest prevalence observed in Ouassou and Dar-es-Salam. Conclusions: Serological data in a region unaffected by recent Ebola outbreaks indicate possible orthoebolavirus endemicity, emphasizing the need for preparedness against known or novel orthoebolaviruses with potential cross-reactivity.

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hal-04633369 , version 1 (05-03-2026)

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Castro Gbêmêmali Hounmenou, Frédéric Le Marcis, Djiba Kaba, Maladho Diaby, Abdoul-Karim Soumah, et al.. Ebola virus circulation in a non-epidemic Guinean rural area: a mixed-method approach to assessing endemicity. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2024, 146, pp.107129. ⟨10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107129⟩. ⟨hal-04633369⟩
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