The development of a more sustainable agriculture with a low-input cropping systems will be possible thanks to a better understanding and control of biological interactions in these agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi are among the most important telluric organisms to be considered. They are involved in improving mineral nutrition, water uptake and protection against many phytopathogenic agents and various abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, pollution, etc. However, while the potential of mycorrhizal fungi is recognized, they have yet to be taken into account in cropping systems. At a time of agroecological transition, a "good management/use" of the soil's mycorrhizal potential, adapted cropping practices and the ecosystem services provided by mycorrhizae, as well as the adaptation of cropping practices, will make it possible to both preserve and make better use of this natural resource, the soil. In this way, mycorrhizal fungi can contribute to the implementation of the second "green revolution", which unlike the first, will this time be more in line with sustainable development. This conference will review the role of mycorrhizal fungi in agroecology.