Influence of food consistency on the mandibular temporal patterns during chewing and babbling
Résumé
During the first year of life, the child gradually moves from an exclusively milk diet to a family diet through a period of complementary feeding. This period is also characterized by the emergence of babbling and chewing which are both induced by the emergence of mandibular rhythmic oscillations (MacNeilage, 1998). Given that these two oro-motor skills are based on the same gesture and that a high prevalence of dietary difficulties during complementary feeding is reported in children with speech/language impairments (Malas et al., 2017; Palladino, Cunha, & Souza, 2007), a link between development of speech and food activities can be assumed. As the improvement of the oro-motor control is characterized by mandibular temporal patterns evolution for speech (Canault, 2007; Canault et al., 2018) and for chewing (Gisel, 1991; Wilson, Green, & Weismer, 2012), we investigated the relationship between these two abilities by observing the temporal characteristics of spontaneous babbling and masticatory movements and comparing them according to the type of textures to which the child is exposed. Since the syllable can be considered as the result of a mandibular oscillation (MacNeilage, 1998), we examined the characteristics of syllabic durations and chewing cycles in 14 children aged 10 months using acoustic and video measurements. In addition, a parental questionnaire on child feeding behaviors was completed (ICA, Lemarchand, 2019) and a diversification score was created to assess the type (ie, mixed, semi-solid, solid) and frequency of consumption (ie sometimes, often, very often) introduced textures. The results show that participants who regularly consume semi-solid and solid textures tend to have shorter masticatory and syllabic temporal patterns than those who consume only mixed textures. These data suggest that a regular exposure to semi-solid and solid textures could contribute to the improvement of masticatory skills (Green et al., 2017), as well as that of articulatory skills. Therefore, our results reinforce the hypothesis that the development of articulatory skills is part of a complex and integrated system (Iverson, 2010) and that the age of introduction of textures, could have consequences for the development of oro-motor skills.
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