At a time when cancer is a rapidly developing discipline in French-speaking West Africa, access to radiotherapy remains a crucial issue. Based on 86 semi-directive interviews conducted with women with breast cancer and healthcare professionals involved in the fight against cancer between 2021 and 2024 in Bamako, Mali and Cotonou, Benin, we will show the difficulties in guaranteeing the universal right to health in these countries through the shortcomings and malfunctions of this essential treatment. We will first explore the political and economic effects of these failings, with a dependence on international donors and players. We will then explore the effects of these shortcomings on women's care pathways, resulting in particular in therapeutic mobility, which generates significant costs and biographical disruptions.