Core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) are widely used in energy harvesting, conversion, and thermal management due to the excellent physical properties of different components. Because of the synergistic interaction between the core and the shell, the thermal radiative properties are expected to be further enhanced. In this work, we achieve near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) enhancement between SiC@Drude CSNPs. Numerical results show that the total heat flux between NPs is 1.47 times and 9.98 times higher than homogeneous SiC and Drude NPs at the same radius when the core volume fraction is 0.76. Surface modes hybridization arising from the interfaces of the shell-core and shell-air contributes to the improved thermal radiation. The effect of shift frequency on the NFRHT between SiC@Drude CSNPs is studied, showing that the enhancement ratio of NFRHT between CSNPs can reach 4.34 at a shift frequency of 1 × 1014 rad/s, which is 38.34 times higher than the previous work. This study demonstrates that surface modes hybridization in CSNPs can significantly improve NFRHT and open a novel path for high-efficiency energy transport at the nanoscale.