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            <title xml:lang="en">Potable water: a road map to achieving critical sustainable development goals: the state of usambe community, kwande local government area of Benue state, Nigeria</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Eau potable : une feuille de route pour parvenir à un développement durable objectifs de développement : l'état de la communauté usambe, zone de gouvernement local de Kwande de BenueÉtat, Nigéria</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Potable water: a road map to achieving critical sustainable development goals: the state of usambe community, kwande local government area of Benue state, Nigeria</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Eau potable : une feuille de route pour parvenir à un développement durable objectifs de développement : l'état de la communauté usambe, zone de gouvernement local de Kwande de BenueÉtat, Nigéria</title>
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                    <forename type="first">Monday</forename>
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                    <surname>Adiaha</surname>
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                    <forename type="first">Ishaya</forename>
                    <surname>Sunday</surname>
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                <title level="j">SPC Journal of Water Research</title>
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                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">1-7</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2019-09-19</date>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Quality</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Usambe</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">SDG</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">WHO</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Portable Wate</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Sex Education Mitigation Sexual harassment Human development Ideal society</term>
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              <p>The study assessed the quality of domestic water for drinking purpose in Usambe community of Kwande Local Government Area of Benue State. Two water sources where identified in the study area and samples were collated from each water source. The samples were analyzedfor some physical, chemical, and biological properties. The result was compared to the standard limit for drinking water quality set by WHO and the Nigeria Standard for Drinking water Quality (NSDWQ). Findings shows that majority of the physical and chemical propertiesof the sampled water were in consonance to the standard of WHO and NSDWQ. This includes; pH (7.33 and 7.53), EC (155 and 92µs/cm), TDS (101 and 60mg/l), Ca (2.40 and 4.81mg/l), Mg (5.86 and 3.42mg/l), hardness (30.0 and 26mg/l), alkalinity (11.0 and 43.0mgCaCO3/L), CL (14.7 and 1.87mg/l), NO-3 (1.20 and 0.21mg/l), NO-2 (0.06 an 0.0mg/l), NaCl (19.0 and 10.0mg/l), K (6.0 and 6.0mg/l),PO4 (0.0 and 0.0mg/l), SO43- (0.74 and 0.45mg/l), and P (0.24 and 0.15) for both borehole and stream water samples. For Fe2 (0.97 and3.26), and turgidity (2.00 and 52.0NTU) only the borehole water met the requirement of WHO and NSDWQ for drinking water, while SS(19.0 and 100mg/l), and the biological properties (total coliform ’56 and 320’ and faecal coliform ’32 and 266’) do not met the standardfor drinking water quality (WHO and NSDWQ). In conclusion, only the borehole water is safe for drinking considering its physiochemicalconstituents, but the presence of bacteria in the form of total coliforms and faecal coliforms renders the quality of the borehole waterunhealthy for drinking, unless it is purified. The study recommends among others that; it is pertinent to improve the quantity and qualityof water supply to the area, with particular reference to the provision of pipe-borne water to Usambe community.</p>
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              <p>L'étude a évalué la qualité de l'eau domestique destinée à la consommation dans la communauté Usambe de la zone de gouvernement local de Kwande à Benue.État. Deux sources d'eau ont été identifiées dans la zone d'étude et des échantillons ont été collectés pour chaque source d'eau. Les échantillons ont été analysés pour certaines propriétés physiques, chimiques et biologiques. Le résultat a été comparé à la limite standard de qualité de l'eau potable fixée par OMS et Norme nigériane de qualité de l’eau potable (NSDWQ). Les résultats montrent que la majorité des propriétés physiques et chimiquesde l’eau échantillonnée étaient conformes aux normes de l’OMS et du NSDWQ. Ceci comprend; pH (7,33 et 7,53), EC (155 et 92µs/cm), TDS (101 et 60 mg/l), Ca (2,40 et 4,81 mg/l), Mg (5,86 et 3,42 mg/l), dureté (30,0 et 26 mg/l), alcalinité (11,0 et 43,0 mg CaCO3/L), CL (14,7 et 1,87 mg/l), NO-3 (1,20 et 0,21 mg/l), NO-2 (0,06 et 0,0 mg/l), NaCl (19,0 et 10,0 mg/l), K (6,0 et 6,0mg/l),PO4 (0,0 et 0,0 mg/l), SO43- (0,74 et 0,45 mg/l) et P (0,24 et 0,15) pour les échantillons d'eau de forage et de ruisseau. Pour Fe2 (0,97 et 3,26) et turgescence (2,00 et 52,0NTU), seule l'eau du forage répondait aux exigences de l'OMS et du NSDWQ pour l'eau potable, tandis que SS(19,0 et 100 mg/l), et les propriétés biologiques (coliformes totaux « 56 et 320 » et coliformes fécaux « 32 et 266 ») ne répondent pas à la norme pour la qualité de l’eau potable (OMS et NSDWQ). En conclusion, seule l’eau du forage est potable compte tenu de ses propriétés physico-chimiques. constituants, mais la présence de bactéries sous forme de coliformes totaux et de coliformes fécaux rend la qualité de l'eau de forage malsain à boire, à moins qu’il ne soit purifié. L'étude recommande entre autres ceci : il est pertinent d'améliorer la quantité et la qualité de l'approvisionnement en eau de la zone, avec une référence particulière à l'approvisionnement en eau courante de la communauté d'Usambe.</p>
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