<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04601428</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-04-27T02:17:03+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">CO2 Reduction at Glassy Carbon Electrode in the Presence of Pyridine</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Julia</forename>
                <surname>Agullo</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">32a32081aa5457b59013be024bb6945f</email>
              <email type="domain">cea.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">julia-agullo</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">176933</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1806405-176933</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-1919-2015</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5978-3159</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=lPZ5OXkAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mario</forename>
                <surname>Morin</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1661323-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Daniel</forename>
                <surname>Bélanger</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1299346</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">240135-1299346</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4713</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Julia</forename>
                <surname>AGULLO</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">32a32081aa5457b59013be024bb6945f</email>
              <email type="domain">cea.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-06-04 23:38:48</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2024-10-11 13:07:37</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-06-04 23:38:48</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2012</date>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="555456">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Julia</forename>
                  <surname>AGULLO</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">32a32081aa5457b59013be024bb6945f</email>
                <email type="domain">cea.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04601428</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04601428</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">agullo:hal-04601428</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;222nd ECS Meeting&lt;/i&gt;, 2012, Honolulu, United States. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3652841"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1149/1.3652841&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">222nd ECS Meeting, 2012, Honolulu, United States. &amp;#x27E8;10.1149/1.3652841&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted"/>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt/>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="0">No</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">CO2 Reduction at Glassy Carbon Electrode in the Presence of Pyridine</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Julia</forename>
                    <surname>Agullo</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">32a32081aa5457b59013be024bb6945f</email>
                  <email type="domain">cea.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">julia-agullo</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">176933</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1806405-176933</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-1919-2015</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5978-3159</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=lPZ5OXkAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mario</forename>
                    <surname>Morin</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1661323-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Daniel</forename>
                    <surname>Bélanger</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1299346</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">240135-1299346</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-4713</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-48156"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>222nd ECS Meeting</title>
                  <date type="start">2012</date>
                  <settlement>Honolulu</settlement>
                  <country key="US">United States</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint/>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1149/1.3652841</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="chim.mate">Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="phys.phys.phys-chem-ph">Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="POSTER">Poster communications</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>In the past several decades the amount of CO2 generated by combustion of hydrocarbon fuels has dramatically increased in the atmosphere. Since CO2 is one of the most important atmospheric gases contributing to the greenhouse effect, elevated CO2 levels contribute to global warming. Electrochemical reduction is a very attractive approach to decrease the effect because it permits, not only to fix CO2, but also its further transformation into value-added products. Challenges consist to convert CO2 to liquid fuels using appropriate catalysts and renewable energy sources, which should be selected considering their attractive cost and their ecological compatibility.Thermodynamic data indicate that CO2 can be easily transformed (at potentials between –0.25 and –0.55 V vs. NHE) into value-added products such as methanol and formic acid, which could be used for fuel cell applications. Unfortunately, the reaction pathway requires the formation of an intermediate specie (CO2-. radical) at a very negative potential (–1.9 V vs. NHE) involving high kinetic barriers (1). It is thus very important to develop highly active catalysts, which can be either dispersed in solution or immobilized at the electrode surface. In this latter case, interactions between catalyst and the substrate are stronger and thus interfacial electron transfer, from electrode to catalysts, is expected to be favored.The pyridinium ion in aqueous solution has been found to be an effective homogeneous catalyst for the reduction of CO2 at metal (Pd, Pt) and semiconductor (GaP) electrodes (2). Pyridine is a weak base with an aromatic nucleus and the pKa of the conjugate acid pyridinium ion is 5.2. The reduction of pyridinium ion leads to a radical pyridinium. In the presence of CO2 this radical can form a carbamate-based radical intermediate. This further can lead to the formation of the needed CO2-. radical (2).In this work pyridine (Py) and substituted pyridine (Py-R where R can be methyl or amino groups) were investigated as catalysts for the reduction of CO2 at a glassy carbon electrode in aqueous solution. Cyclic voltammogram in absence of CO2 showed that pyridinium ion is irreversibly reduced at a glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were used to get more insight in the reactions that occur at the glassy carbon/electrolyte interface in the presence of CO2. When pyridine (5 mM) is added to a solution containing CO2 (at pH=5, KCl) the observed current increased. It was noticed that the activity of pyridine for the reduction of CO2 decreased when the solution pH is made more acid and for pH=2 no catalytic effect is observed. In our experimental conditions, the absence of pyridine activity for CO2 reduction is attributed to a competition between pyridinium reduction and hydrogen evolution that is favoured in highly acidic media. When pyridine is immobilized at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (3), the reduction peak associated to pyridinium reduction is observed but, unfortunately no enhancement of CO2 reduction current was noticed.In order to have a better understanding of the CO2 electrochemical reduction process in the presence of pyridine, studies using substituted pyridine as a homogeneous catalyst, dissolved in the solution, were performed. In the presence of some substituted pyridine, the CO2 reduction current is enhanced and interestingly, catalytic properties are better than when a simple pyridine is used. The formation of a carbamate-based radical intermediate between pyridine and CO2 (2) and its possible transposition to another group of the substituted pyridine will be discussed. 1.E. E. Benson, C. P. Kubiak, A. J. Sathrum and J. M. Smieja, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 89 (2009).2.E. Barton Cole, P. S. Lakkaraju, D. M. Rampulla, A. J. Morris, E. Abelev and A. B. Bocarsly, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 11539 (2010).3.J. Agullo, S. Canesi, F. Schaper, M. Morin and D. Bélanger, Langmuir, 28, 4889 (2012).</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-48156" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Département de Chimie [Montréal]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université du Québec à Montréal 8888, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8</addrLine>
              <country key="CA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://chimie.uqam.ca/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-360045" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-360045" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02801457X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/002rjbv21</idno>
          <orgName>Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UQAM</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université du Québec à Montréal CP 8888, succursale Centre-ville Montréal (Québec) H3C 3P8</addrLine>
              <country key="CA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.uqam.ca/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>