Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) serum levels as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Résumé
Introduction: This study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic potential of Surfactant
Protein D (SP-D), in distinguishing COVID-19 patients from healthy controls and predicting
outcomes in infected individuals. Through a comprehensive systematic review and meta
analysis, we aim to elucidate the role of SP-D in the clinical management of COVID-19,
addressing a crucial gap in current biomarker research.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, for articles published
in English up to January 21, 2024. We employed a systematic review and meta-analysis
approach, searching multiple databases for studies that measured SP-D levels in COVID-19
patients and healthy controls. The inclusion criteria were strictly defined to ensure the selection
of studies with high-quality data, and statistical analyses were performed to assess the
diagnostic and prognostic value of SP-D in the context of COVID-19.
Results: Twelve studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled
analysis showed that SP-D levels among those groups of patients varied and amounted to
44.38±74.71 vs. 21.29±31.8, respectively (SMD = 1.39; 95%CI: 0.35 to 2.43; p=0.009). Pooled analysis of SP-D values among severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients was 58.28±101.8
and 94.69±114.22 respectively (SMD = 0.44; 95%CI: -0.78 to 1.66; p=0.48). SP-D levels also
did not detect statistically significant differences in COVID-19 patients who survived and died
in the hospital (27.18±16.4 vs. 29.12±14.14; SMD = 0.07; 95%CI: -0.28 to 0.42; p=0.70).
Conclusions: Results of the current systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that SP-D
may be a good marker for dif-ferentiating patients with COVID-19 from healthy patients, but
it does not provide prognostic value among patients with COVID-19. Further studies are
needed to confirm the results.
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