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Article Dans Une Revue Music & Science Année : 2024

Listening Behaviors and Musical Coordination in Collective Free Improvisation

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While empirical studies on joint music-making have shed light on many aspects of ensemble performance in the past few decades, the role of auditory attention in such a context has remained strikingly understudied. We draw here on a self-annotation methodology to investigate musicians’ listening behaviors in freely improvised performances. Six trios of professional musicians were asked to freely improvise in a recording studio, hearing each other only through headphones. While they were playing, the loudness of each musician as sent to the other two musicians’ headphones was covertly increased/decreased during random periods of time in order to enhance its relative saliency within the musical scene. Immediately after each improvisation, musicians were asked to listen to the improvisation that they had just performed and to continuously indicate, using a specific application, where was their listening focus as they were performing. Results demonstrated that during periods of loudness manipulations, musicians’ attention was significantly drawn to the musician who had been made more salient. Two follow-up studies then investigated the extent to which joint auditory attention correlated with perceived togetherness, as well as whether improviser's auditory attention during the performance aligned with that of external listeners attending to the recording of the performance. Taken together, our results suggest that, beyond the effects of saliency, musicians also tended to strategically adapt their listening behavior to the specificities of the interactional context and that musicians’ collective listening behaviors had an impact on the performance, both at an acoustic level and at a perceptual level. By relying on attentional patterns that dynamically emerged from complex, ecological musical interactions, our studies provide a first attempt in assessing the effects of auditory attention on coordination and contribute to establish sonic interactions as a promising setting for the study of the effects of joint attention.
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hal-04587946 , version 1 (25-05-2024)

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Arthur Faraco, Armand Schwarz, Coralie Vincent, Patrick Susini, Emmanuel Ponsot, et al.. Listening Behaviors and Musical Coordination in Collective Free Improvisation. Music & Science, 2024, 7, ⟨10.1177/20592043241257023⟩. ⟨hal-04587946⟩
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