“DEEP ZOUK”: THE RESONANCE OF EPIGENETIC HEALING
Le "Deep Zouk" : résonance de cure épigénétique
Résumé
Among the diverse theories that can be elaborated on the long-lasting curative
powers of music, there is one that has consistently been eschewed: the idea that
traumatic heritage appeals for a particular type of prognosis involving
transgenerational artistic/psycholinguistic healing. This academic blindness is
furthermore evidenced by the scarcity of ethnomusicological studies devoted to
the genesis of specific black music in Western societies (Nettl 1990) and their role
in the communities that created them. The present paper aims, therefore, to show
that a collective transgenerational trauma like transatlantic slavery has had a long-
standing impact on the “prolonged disorders of consciousness” (Magee 2018)
affecting Afro-diasporic populations, but that it has also generated a ‘chorus of
common memory’ (Phillips 1995) suffusing Caribbean and Transamerican
poetics. In this respect, Zouk events, dances and concerts (since Zouk is an Afro-
diasporic heritage) have counteractively played a major role in healing the psyche
of Afrodescendants.
Our thesis is consistent with the idea that trauma is not exclusively synonymous
with loss or suffering, as Patrick Chamoiseau deftly remarks when he associates it
with birth and creation: “[if] life is otherwise a long succession of happy times,
this means, too, that trauma would not only be, as we too quickly imagine, the
privileged locus of pain, but also one instance of the formidable joy and exaltation
procured by the epiphany of beauty” (P. Chamoiseau, “L’esclavage : quelle
influence sur notre poétique ?”, in Bowser & Charles-Nicolas, eds., L’esclavage :
quel impact sur la psychologie des populations ? 2018: 446-447 – personal translation).
While sublimating the horrors of the past, Zouk artists have inherited and
capitalized over an archive of communal experiences binding Afrodescendants
scattered all over the Americas with the aim of combining the diagnosis of the
trauma with its corresponding cure. In the process, they have developed a
complex aesthetics based on the dichotomy between the rhythms of diurnal epics
(fighting, marooning and survival) and those of nocturnal aegis (remembrance
and healing, wakes, and musical composition). These, and other aspects, will
enable us to probe the depths of Zouk in the forty years of its evolution since
Kassav’ made it known to the world