Climate change is clearly identified as the major challenge humanity has to face in the next decades. While the scientific basis for the identification of the problem has been known since the end of the 19th century (Arrhenius, 1896), only by the end of the 20th century has the problem been set on the agenda of international politics with the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. This framework introduced the successive Conference of the Parties and the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), tasked to regularly synthesize scientific insights that can inform policy decisions.