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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Irrigation and Drainage&lt;/i&gt;, 2017, 66 (4), pp.556-566. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.2135"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1002/ird.2135&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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              <p>Operating irrigation systems when water supplies are insecure is a critical challenge for both farmers and managers. The aim of this paper is to analyse how farmers adapt to water scarcity and to investigate to what extent individual farmers' practices affected the management of a community‐managed irrigation system in an area with perennial citrus orchards in northern Tunisia. Results revealed a wide range of farmers' strategies and practices aimed at maximizing their access to surface water and groundwater according to their ability. But this resulted in increasing inequity, because the biggest farmers managed to access groundwater or practised drip irrigation, while the vulnerability of small farmers increased. In this context the introduction of drip irrigation has not led to water saving. These findings should encourage the adoption of fair collective rules that account for water scarcity and farmers' diversity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>
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              <p>Exploiter des systèmes irrigués confrontés à l'insécurité de la fourniture d'eau est un enjeu crucial pour les gestionnaires et les agriculteurs. L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser comment les agriculteurs s'adaptent à la pénurie d'eau et de déterminer dans quelle mesure les pratiques individuelles des agriculteurs peuvent affecter la gestion collective d'un système irrigué de vergers d'agrumes au nord de la Tunisie. Les résultats montrent une grande diversité des stratégies et de pratiques des agriculteurs qui cherchent à maximiser leur accès aux ressources en eau de surface et souterraine selon leurs capacités. Mais elles ont accru l'iniquité entre les grands agriculteurs accédant aux eaux souterraines ou adoptant l'irrigation localisée et les petits agriculteurs dont la vulnérabilité a augmenté. Dans ce contexte, l'introduction de l'irrigation localisée n'a pas conduit à des économies d'eau. Ces résultats devraient encourager l'adoption de règles collectives équitables qui prennent en considération la pénurie d'eau et la grande diversité des agriculteurs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>
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