<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-04550696</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-20T00:35:25+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Human and animal botulism surveillance in France over the last decade (2008-2019)</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Bilan de la surveillance du botulisme humain et animal en France au cours de la dernière décennie (2008-2019)</title>
            <author role="crp">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Sophie</forename>
                <surname>Le Bouquin</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">52ebe068ec022dd4bff100047a8b215b</email>
              <email type="domain">afssa.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">931911</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">668184-931911</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-7852</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Camille</forename>
                <surname>Lucas</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1198729-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Rozenn</forename>
                <surname>Souillard</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">09cff398e35e0dad46abb34c6941f413</email>
              <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1021018</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1250756-1021018</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-4513</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/06015862X</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/206972663</idno>
              <idno type="ISNI">http://isni.org/isni/0000000358420342</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Caroline</forename>
                <surname>Le Maréchal</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">a5be24085a67e088e1c086d5919e24c1</email>
              <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1088291</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">902089-1088291</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-3801</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/313534487</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/151310483</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1172480"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Karine</forename>
                <surname>Petit</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">03563d60445400413d341af53075554f</email>
              <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1309889</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1601334-1309889</idno>
              <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/150152380140201762048</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/224790676</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Pauline</forename>
                <surname>Kooh</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">0421392c369acceacd08cb02bdc5e4c6</email>
              <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1069729</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1848170-1069729</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-9617</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">François</forename>
                <surname>Meurens</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">7debfc243450b3f9aa537036a361b193</email>
              <email type="domain">usask.ca</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1070889</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">387748-1070889</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-4871</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/180824740</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1151711"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-67142"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nathalie</forename>
                <surname>Jourdan-da Silva</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1225507</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">154932-1225507</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-4442</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1005122"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Laurent</forename>
                <surname>Guillier</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">3ff9124a7eee64c8b55ea3b57c61e94d</email>
              <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">laurent-guillier</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">179678</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">50721-179678</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-9644-2016</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7867-2937</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=R6kR2RgAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/177125748</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-9644-2016</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Christelle</forename>
                <surname>Mazuet</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">46ec899e700b0083d0408aa729e22405</email>
              <email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">christelle-mazuet</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">185070</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">40122-185070</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-7731-2016</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7619-9050</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/186277091</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-7731-2016</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1090757"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Anne</forename>
                <surname>Lassailly-Bondaz</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">7ce2e628ede734789fe7aee107a32a81</email>
              <email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-04-18 15:08:28</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-05-05 13:36:03</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-04-19 10:45:10</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2023</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2024-04-18</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-04550696v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2024-04-18"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-04550696v1/file/PER-037_2023-06-09_Botulisme_Le-Bouquin_MaqF.pdf" id="file-4551411-3945738">
                <date notBefore="2024-04-18"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="116467">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Anne</forename>
                  <surname>Lassailly-Bondaz</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">7ce2e628ede734789fe7aee107a32a81</email>
                <email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-04550696</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-04550696</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">lebouquin:hal-04550696</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Bulletin Epidémiologique&lt;/i&gt;, 2023, 98 (2), pp.1-11</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Bulletin Epidémiologique, 2023, 98 (2), pp.1-11</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-4551411-3945738"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PASTEUR">Institut Pasteur</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ANSES">Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SANTE_PUB_INSERM" corresp="INSERM">Santé Publique à l'Inserm</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNAM">l'unam - université nantes angers le mans</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="AGREENIUM">Archive ouverte en agrobiosciences</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAE">Institut National de Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-PARIS">Université Paris Cité</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIVERSITE-PARIS" corresp="UNIV-PARIS">Université Paris Cité</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ONIRIS">École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation de Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="BIOEPAR" corresp="ONIRIS">BIOEPAR - Biologie, Épidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-COLLECTION-INRAE">Test collection Inrae</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAE-TRANSFERT" corresp="INRAE">Productions de transfert INRAE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SANTEPUBLIQUEFRANCE">Santé publique France</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="DPT-SANTE-ANIMALE">Département Santé Animale</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="BULLETIN_EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE" corresp="ANSES">Bulletin Epidémiologique Santé animale - Alimentation</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Human and animal botulism surveillance in France over the last decade (2008-2019)</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Bilan de la surveillance du botulisme humain et animal en France au cours de la dernière décennie (2008-2019)</title>
                <author role="crp">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Sophie</forename>
                    <surname>Le Bouquin</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">52ebe068ec022dd4bff100047a8b215b</email>
                  <email type="domain">afssa.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">931911</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">668184-931911</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-7852</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Camille</forename>
                    <surname>Lucas</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1198729-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Rozenn</forename>
                    <surname>Souillard</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">09cff398e35e0dad46abb34c6941f413</email>
                  <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1021018</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1250756-1021018</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-4513</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/06015862X</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/206972663</idno>
                  <idno type="ISNI">http://isni.org/isni/0000000358420342</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1073039"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Caroline</forename>
                    <surname>Le Maréchal</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">a5be24085a67e088e1c086d5919e24c1</email>
                  <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1088291</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">902089-1088291</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-3801</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/313534487</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/151310483</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1172480"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Karine</forename>
                    <surname>Petit</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">03563d60445400413d341af53075554f</email>
                  <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1309889</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1601334-1309889</idno>
                  <idno type="VIAF">https://viaf.org/viaf/150152380140201762048</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/224790676</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Pauline</forename>
                    <surname>Kooh</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">0421392c369acceacd08cb02bdc5e4c6</email>
                  <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1069729</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1848170-1069729</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-9617</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">François</forename>
                    <surname>Meurens</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">7debfc243450b3f9aa537036a361b193</email>
                  <email type="domain">usask.ca</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1070889</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">387748-1070889</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-4871</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/180824740</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1151711"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-67142"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nathalie</forename>
                    <surname>Jourdan-da Silva</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1225507</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">154932-1225507</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-4442</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1005122"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Laurent</forename>
                    <surname>Guillier</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">3ff9124a7eee64c8b55ea3b57c61e94d</email>
                  <email type="domain">anses.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">laurent-guillier</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">179678</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">50721-179678</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-9644-2016</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7867-2937</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=R6kR2RgAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/177125748</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-9644-2016</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-529263"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Christelle</forename>
                    <surname>Mazuet</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">46ec899e700b0083d0408aa729e22405</email>
                  <email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">christelle-mazuet</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">185070</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">40122-185070</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-7731-2016</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7619-9050</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/186277091</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-7731-2016</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1090757"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">136320</idno>
                <idno type="issn">1630-8018</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1769-7166</idno>
                <title level="j">Bulletin Epidémiologique</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>ANSES</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">98</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">1-11</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2023</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <ref type="publisher">https://be.anses.fr/fr/issue/98%20Articles%20p%C3%A9riodiques%20publi%C3%A9s%20en%202023</ref>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="fr">French</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Wildlife</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Poultry</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Cattle</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Botulism</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Volailles</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Faune sauvage</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Bovin</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Surveillance</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Botulisme</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv">Life Sciences [q-bio]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.spee">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="https://namespace.ccsd.cnrs.fr/hal/metadata/afssa_thematique" n="61">Evaluation en santé animale</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Botulism is a human and animal neurological disease caused by the action of bacterial neurotoxins (botulinum toxins) produced bacteria of the genus Clostridium and which presents with flaccid paralysis that may result in respiratory analysis and heart failure. In humans, this disease is rare, with an average of ten outbreaks reported each year in France. These outbreaks are mainly of food origin (90 %). Each year, an average of thirty outbreaks are recorded in France in poultry farms, about twenty cases in wild birds and about ten outbreaks in cattle, involving a large number of animals. This article presents the results of human (2008-2018) and animal (2009-2019) botulism surveillance over the last decade based on data collected from Santé Publique France, biological investigations by the National Reference Centre (NRC) and the National Reference Laboratory (NRL)</p>
            </abstract>
            <abstract xml:lang="fr">
              <p>Le botulisme est une maladie neurologique humaine et animale provoquée par l'action de neurotoxines bactériennes (toxines botuliques) produites par des bactéries du genre Clostridium et qui se manifeste par des paralysies flasques pouvant aller jusqu'à la paralysie respiratoire et l'arrêt cardiaque. Chez l'être humain, cette maladie est rare, avec moins d'une dizaine de foyers recensés en moyenne chaque année en France. Ces foyers sont d'origine alimentaire pour une très grande majorité d'entre eux (90 %). Chaque année, une trentaine de foyers sont recensés en moyenne en France dans les élevages de volailles, environ une vingtaine de cas chez les oiseaux sauvages et une dizaine de foyers dans l'espèce bovine pouvant impliquer à chaque fois un grand nombre d'animaux. Cet article présente le bilan de la surveillance du botulisme humain (2008-2018) et animal (2009-2019) au cours de la dernière décennie à partir des données collectées auprès de Santé Publique France, des investigations biologiques du Centre National de Référence (CNR) et de celles du Laboratoire National de Référence (LNR)</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-1073039" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Epidémiologie, Santé et Bien-être</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">EPISABE</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort22440 Ploufragan</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1006225" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301715" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-1172480" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Hygiène et qualité des produits avicoles et porcins</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">HQPAP</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Anses, BP 53, 41 rue de Beaucemaine, 22440 Ploufragan</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-1006225" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301715" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-529263" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201023419S</idno>
          <orgName>Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">DER</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-07-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie94701 Maisons-Alfort</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301715" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1151711" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">200817991A</idno>
          <orgName>Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">BIOEPAR</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>ONIRIS : Site de la Chantrerie CS 40706 44307 Nantes cedex 3 Site de la Géraudière CS 82225 44322 Nantes cedex 3</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www6.angers-nantes.inrae.fr/bioepar</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302936" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR1300" active="#struct-577435" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-67142" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">029699576</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/010x8gc63</idno>
          <orgName>University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon, Canada]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">U of S</orgName>
          <date type="start">1907-04-03</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada</addrLine>
              <country key="CA"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.usask.ca</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1005122" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Direction des maladies infectieuses - Infectious Diseases Division [Saint-Maurice]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-461591" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1090757" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et Botulisme - National Reference Center Anaerobic Bacteria and Botulism</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNR</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-07-21</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Unité des toxines bactériennes - 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.pasteur.fr/fr/sante-publique/CNR/les-cnr/bacteries-anaerobies-botulisme</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300027" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-557826" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-1006225" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">195723283Z</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>ANSES - Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort41 rue de BeaucemaineB.P. 5322440 Ploufragan</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301715" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301715" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">148269761</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 0584 7022</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0471kz689</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q392520</idno>
          <orgName>Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ANSES</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-07-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie94701 MAISONS-ALFORT Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-302936" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05q0ncs32</idno>
          <orgName>École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Oniris VetAgroBio</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>101 route de Gachet - 44300 Nantes</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.oniris-nantes.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-577435" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/003vg9w96</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INRAE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-461591" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00dfw9p58</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q24933114</idno>
          <orgName>Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France]</orgName>
          <date type="start">2016-05-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Santé publique France (siège social) 12, rue du Val d'Osne 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300027" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">027936643</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2353 6535</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0495fxg12</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Pasteur [Paris]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IP</orgName>
          <date type="start">1887-06-04</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>25-28, rue du docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.pasteur.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-557826" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">236453505</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 7885 7602</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/05f82e368</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris Cité</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UPCité</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>85 boulevard Saint-Germain75006 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://u-paris.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>