Abstract Background Gabapentinoids (i.e., gabapentin and pregabalin) are medications approved for epilepsy, chronic pain, or generalized anxiety disorder. Recently, there have been regular reports of misuse of pregabalin, and to a lesser extent, gabapentin, in particular among opioid and polydrug users. Objectives To longitudinally explore the amounts of gabapentinoids dispensed in Lyon's Permanent Access to Healthcare (PASS) units, which offer permanent and free healthcare to precarious populations with no healthcare insurance coverage. Methods We collected the amounts of pregabalin and gabapentin dispensed in the three PASS units of Lyon and calculated the average doses dispensed monthly between 2016 and the first quarter of 2021 (1Q2021), with and without adjustment for the number of dispensing visits. Results The total doses of gabapentinoid dispensed every month in Lyon's PASS units displayed a 1233% increase for pregabalin, and a 1185% increase for gabapentin, between 2016 and 1Q2021. When adjusted for the number of visits, this increase reached a factor of 8.5 for pregabalin and 8.3 for gabapentin, respectively. However, while the increase in pregabalin dispensing was constant throughout the study period, gabapentin total dispensed doses were more fluctuating over time, and the rise of dispensations was thus less straightforward. Conclusion Our study reveals a local but substantial increase in gabapentinoid use in populations with no social insurance. These findings should be confirmed more widely and plead for the systematic collection of anonymous patient data in free healthcare centers in France.