Who are the Predecessors? The Story of a Controversy and its Implications for the Changing Contours of the Umma (1st-2nd/7th-8th century) - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Der Islam - Journal of the History and Culture of the Middle East Année : 2024

Who are the Predecessors? The Story of a Controversy and its Implications for the Changing Contours of the Umma (1st-2nd/7th-8th century)

Adrien de Jarmy
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Résumé

The Sābiqa is a key concept in medieval Islamic literature, mainly referring to the precedence of the early converts to Islam, particularly those who migrated from Makka to Yathrib/Medina (al-Muhājirūn). This concept led to the establishment a social hierarchy, designating the Muhājirūn as the Predecessors (al-Sābiqūn al-awwalūn) and founders of the initial community of Muḥammad, the Umma, granting them and their descendants social and financial privileges within Umayyad and early Abbasid societies. In this paper, I argue that this discourse is rooted in a controversy within the Islamic tradition regarding the identification of the collective mentioned in verse 100 of surah 9 al-Tawba. Alternative definitions of the Predecessors coexisted and vied with this discourse, gradually influencing the collectivisation process of early Islamic societies and shaping the contours of the Umma between the 1st/7th and the 2nd/8th century. However, locating these discourses poses the challenge of partially breaking away from the mould of the Islamic tradition to revisit the 1st/7th century, at a time when hadith had not yet emerged as a generalized method among Muslim scholars. To achieve this, motifs, i.e. coherent semantic units related to these discourses were recorded in an SQL database and subsequently extracted to construct digital diagrams illustrating their transmissions.

Domaines

Histoire Religions
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Dates et versions

hal-04539950 , version 1 (09-04-2024)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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  • HAL Id : hal-04539950 , version 1

Citer

Adrien de Jarmy. Who are the Predecessors? The Story of a Controversy and its Implications for the Changing Contours of the Umma (1st-2nd/7th-8th century). Der Islam - Journal of the History and Culture of the Middle East, In press. ⟨hal-04539950⟩

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