BACKGROUND: Access to kidney transplantation (KT) remains challenging for patients with end-stage kidney disease. This study assessed women’s access to KT in France by considering comorbidities and neighborhood social deprivation. METHODS: All incident 18-85-year-old patients starting dialysis in France between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 were included. Three outcomes were assessed: (i) access to the KT waiting list after dialysis start, (ii) KT access after waitlisting, and (iii) KT access after dialysis start. Cox and Fine and Gray models were used. Gender-EDI and gender-age interactions were tested and analyses were performed among strata if required. RESULTS: 29,395 patients were included (35% of women). After adjusting for social deprivation and comorbidities, women were less likely to be waitlisted at 1 (adjHR: 0.91 [0.87-0.96]) and 3 years (adjHR: 0.87 [0.84-0.91]) post-dialysis initiation. This disparity concerned mainly ≥60-year-old women (adjHR: 0.76 [0.71-0.82] at 1 year and 0.75 [0.71-0.81] at 3 years). Access to KT, after 2 years of waitlisting was similar between genders. Access to KT was similar between genders at 3 years after dialysis start, but decreased for women after 4 years (adjHR: 0.93 [0.88-0.99]) and longer follow-up (adjHR: 0.90 [0.85-0.96]). CONCLUSIONS: In France, women are less likely to be waitlisted and undergo kidney transplantation. This is driven by the ≥60-year-old group and is not explained by comorbidities or social deprivation level.