Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between many physical performance variables and DXA parameters in a group of middle-aged men. Methods: 24 middle-aged men whose ages range from 48-55 y participated in this study. Body composition (bone mineral content, fat mass and lean mass), BMD and geometric indices of hip femoral neck (FN) strength (cross-sectional area (CSA), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), section modulus (Z), buckling ratio (BR) and strength index (SI)) were evaluated by DXA. BMD was evaluated at the whole body (WB), total radius (TR), lumbar spine (L1-L4), total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN). Handgrip, vertical jump, maximum power of the lower limbs (watts), maximal half-squat strength, maximal bench-press strength, sprint performance (10 m) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max, L/min) were eval- uated by validated tests. Results: Handgrip, maximum power of the lower limbs, lean mass and VO2 max (L/min) were positively correlated to WB BMC, WB BMD, FN BMD, CSA, CSMI, and Z. Lean mass was a strongest determinant of WB BMC and CSA than handgrip. VO2 max (L/min) was a strongest determinant of WB BMD, TH BMD, and FN BMD than lean mass. Conclusion: The current study suggests that VO 2 max (L/min), lean mass and handgrip are the strongest determinants of bone variables in middle-aged men.