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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2020

Environment Assessment of people's daily mobility in an urban area: coupling a Land-Use and Transport Interaction model with Life Cycle Assessment

Résumé

Regarding the complexity of the urban system, the environmental assessment of its associated people’s daily mobility needs to consider social, spatial and technological dimensions. Mobility is indeed greatly affected by both urban forms (e.g. density, accessibility, functional diversity, design …) and socio-economic characteristics of people (e.g. income, age, education, car ownership …). And associated environmental impacts are correlated with transport technologies performances including vehicles, fuels and infrastructures. Specific issues also arise from the territorial level, especially from the urban stakeholders who need more spatial approaches on both characterisation and analysis of mobility. To integrate these different parameters, the proposed method couples two tools developed in two distinct scientific fields - land-use planning and environmental sciences: with on the one hand, Land-Use and Transport Interaction models (LUTI) and, on the other hand, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. Together, these tools can account for both technological processes involved in daily mobility, as well as interactions among stakeholders and territories. The LUTI model used, SIMBAD, was developed on the Lyon urban area and it represents the daily mobility through a dynamic approach with feedback loops between land occupancy (residential, employment, commerce, leisure …) and transport performance (travel time and cost). The LCA perimeter includes all terrestrial and motorized transport modes of Lyon urban area (car, bus, train, subway, tramway) and their dedicated infrastructures. Most inventories are based on the EcoInvent database. To represent better atmospheric emissions generated by the use of vehicles, the Copert emission model was used, with spatial specifications on routes, vehicles fleets, technologies and usages. By manipulating social, spatial and technological objects, this method allows multiple interpretations of the numerous environmental impact of daily mobility. Personal cars are the main source of environmental impacts with a significant contribution of indirect processes (vehicles manufacturing, infrastructure, fuel supply). Nevertheless, spatial analysis presents a high heterogeneous distribution within households and territories. Finally, using the SIMBAD-LCA method, health impacts analysis of local pollutants can be improved by crossing emissions and density levels at fine-resolution.
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hal-04453581 , version 1 (12-02-2024)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04453581 , version 1

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Cyrille François, Jean-Pierre Nicolas, Natacha Gondran. Environment Assessment of people's daily mobility in an urban area: coupling a Land-Use and Transport Interaction model with Life Cycle Assessment. 30th Annual Meeting of SETAC Europe, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), May 2020, Dublin, Ireland. ⟨hal-04453581⟩
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