This article sets out the first comprehensive analysis of income segregation in France across the whole urban–rural continuum. Segregation is broken down by urban areas, their size and the types of municipalities (central/suburban/exurban/rural). A significant part of the segregation is due to differences across urban areas. Moreover, regression analyses show that non-negligible levels of segregation are observed in small urban areas. Finally, disparities between exurban and central/suburban areas have increased sharply, particularly in small urban areas. These results suggest it is necessary to reconsider the view that segregation is limited to Paris, and they call for a new design of anti-segregation policies.